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Date: Tue, 09 Apr 2002 06:27:27 GMT Server: Apache/1.3.20 (Unix) Last-Modified: Fri, 04 Feb 2000 13:57:00 GMT ETag: "304c3e-10e03-389adaac" Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Length: 69123 Connection: close Content-Type: text/plain PKIX Working Group S. Santesson(Accurata)(AddTrust) INTERNET-DRAFT W. Polk (NIST) ExpiresAugust,December, 2000 P. Barzin (SECUDE) M. Nystrom (RSALaboratories) February,Security) June, 2000 Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Qualified Certificates Profile<draft-ietf-pkix-qc-03.txt><draft-ietf-pkix-qc-04.txt> Status of this Memo This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html. Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2000). All Rights Reserved. Abstract This document forms a certificate profile for Qualified Certificates, based on RFC 2459, for use in the Internet. The term Qualified Certificate is used to describe a certificate with a certain qualified status within applicable governing law. Further, Qualified Certificates are issued exclusively to physicalpersons represented by a registered unmistakable identity.persons. The goal of this document is to define a general syntax independent of local legal requirements. The profile is however designed to allow further profiling in order to meet specific local needs. Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 1] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 It is important to note that the profile does not define any legal requirements for Qualified Certificates. The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119. Please send comments on this document to the ietf-pkix@imc.org mailing list. Table of Contents 1 Introduction ................................................ 3 2 Requirements and Assumptions ................................ 3 2.1 Properties ................................................ 4 2.2 Statement of Purpose ...................................... 5 2.3 Policy Issues ............................................. 5 2.4 Uniqueness of names ....................................... 5 3 Certificate and Certificate Extensions Profile ..............65 3.1 Basic Certificate Fields .................................. 6 3.1.1 Issuer .................................................. 6 3.1.2 Subject .................................................76 3.2 Certificate Extensions ....................................98 3.2.1 Subject Directory Attributes ............................98 3.2.2 Certificate Policies .................................... 10 3.2.3 Key Usage ...............................................1110 3.2.4 Biometric Information ...................................1110 3.2.5 Qualified Certificate Statements ........................1211 4 Security Considerations .....................................1413 5 References ..................................................1514 6 Intellectual Property Right ................................. 15 Appendices A ASN.1 definitions ...........................................1716 A.1 1988 ASN.1 Module .........................................1716 A.2 1993 ASN.1 Module .........................................2019 B A Note on Attributes ........................................2524 C. Example Certificate ........................................2524 C.1 ASN.1 Structure ...........................................2625 C.2Structured HexASN.1 Dump....................................................................................... 28 C.3Unstructured Hex Dump .....................................DER-encoding .............................................. 31 C.4 CA's public key ........................................... 32 D.AuthorAuthors' Addresses........................................... 34......................................... 32 E. Full Copyright Statement ...................................3433 Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 2] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 1 Introduction This specification is one part of a family of standards for the X.509 Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) for the Internet. It is based on RFC 2459, which defines underlying certificate formats and semantics needed for a full implementation of this standard. The standard profiles the format for a specific type of certificates named Qualified Certificates. The term Qualified Certificates and the assumptions that affects the scope of this document are discussed in Section 2. Section 3 defines requirements on information content in Qualified Certificates. This profile addresses two fields in the basic certificate as well as five certificate extensions. The certificate fields are the subject and issuer fields. The certificate extensions are subject directory attributes, certificate policies, key usage, a private extension for storage of biometric data and a private extension for storage of statements related to Qualified Certificates. In Section 4, some security considerations are discussed in order to clarify the security context in which Qualified Certificates are assumed to be utilized. Section 5 contains the references. Appendix A contains all relevant ASN.1 [X.680] structures that are not already defined in RFC 2459. Appendix B contains a note on attributes. Appendix C contains an example certificate. AppendixCD containsAuthors Addressesauthors' addresses and AppendixDE contains the IETF Copyright Statement. It should be noted that this specification does not define the specific semantics of Qualified Certificates, and does not define the policies that should be used with them. That is, this document defines what information should go into Qualified Certificates, but not what that information means. A system that uses Qualified Certificates must define its own semantics for the information in Qualified Certificates. It is expected that laws and corporate policies will make these definitions. 2 Requirements and Assumptions The term "Qualified Certificate" has been used by the European Commission to describe a certain type of certificates with specific relevance for European legislation. This specification is intended to support this class of certificates, but its scope is not limited to this application. Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 3] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 Within this standard the term "Qualified Certificate" is used more generally, describing the format for a certificate whose primary purpose is identifying a person with high level of assurance in public non-repudiation services. The actual mechanisms that will decide whether a certificate should or should not be considered to be a "Qualified Certificate" in regard to any legislation are outside the scope of this standard. Harmonization in the field of Qualified Certificates is essential within several aspects that fall outside the scope of RFC 2459. The most important aspects that affect the scope of this specification are: - Definition of names and identity information in order to identify the associated subject in a uniform way. - Definition of information which identifies the CA and the jurisdiction under which the CA operates when issuing a particular certificate. - Definition of key usage extension usage for Qualified Certificates. - Definition of information structure for storage of biometric information. - Definition of a standardized way to store predefined statements with relevance for Qualified Certificates. - Requirements for critical extensions. 2.1 Properties A Qualified Certificate as defined in this standard is assumed to have the following properties: - The certificate is issued by a CA that makes a public statement that the certificate serves the purpose of a Qualified Certificate, as discussed in Section 2.2 - The certificate indicates a certificate policy consistent with liabilities, practices and procedures undertaken by the CA, as discussed in 2.3 - The certificate is issued to a natural person (living human being). - The certificate contains anunmistakableidentity based on a pseudonym or a real name of the subject. Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 4] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 2.2 Statement of Purpose For a certificate to serve the purpose of being a Qualified Certificate, this profile assumes that the CA will have to include in the certificate a public statement that explicitly defines this intent. The function of this statement is thus to assist any concerned entity in evaluating the risk associated with creating or accepting signatures that are based on a Qualified Certificate. 2.3 Policy Issues Certain policy aspects define the context in which this profile is to be understood and used. It is however outside the scope of this profile to specify any policies or legal aspects that will govern services that issue or utilize certificates according to this profile. It is however assumed that the issuing CA will undertake to follow a publicly available certificate policy that is consistent with its liabilities, practices and procedures. 2.4 Uniqueness of namesRequirements on name uniqueness are described in this standard through the terms "distinguished name" and "unmistakable identity", having the following meaning:Distinguished name is originally defined in X.501 [X.501] as a representation of a directory name, defined as a construct that identifies a particular object from among the set of all objects. An object can be assigned a distinguished name without being represented by an entry in the Directory, but this name is then the name its object entry could have had if it were represented in the Directory. In the context of qualified certificates, a distinguished name denotes a set of attribute values [X.501] which forms a name that is unambiguous within a certain domain that forms either a real or a virtual DIT (Directory Information Tree)[X.501]. In the case of subject names the domain is assumed to be at least the issuing domain of the CA.An unmistakable identity denotes a set of attributes and/or data elements, which forms an identity that by unmistakable means relates to a specific entity. The unmistakable connection between the identity and the entity may be dependent on the context within which the identity is formed. This context should however be evident for any relying party given the information in the certificate. Some contexts, such as when identities are based on pseudonyms, may require assistance from the CA or a registration authority, to obtain a corresponding officially registered identity under some predefined circumstances, such as investigation of criminal offence.3 Certificate and Certificate Extensions Profile This section defines a profile for Qualified Certificates. The profile is based on the Internet certificate profile RFC 2459 which in turn is based on the X.509 version 3 format. For full implementation of this section implementers are REQUIRED to consult the underlying formats and semantics defined in RFC 2459. ASN.1 definitions relevant for this section that are not supplied by RFC 2459 are supplied in Appendix A. Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 5] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 3.1 Basic Certificate Fields This specification provides additional details regarding the contents of two fields in the basic certificate. These fields are the issuer and subject fields. 3.1.1 Issuer The issuer field SHALLcontain an unmistakable identity ofidentify the organization responsible for issuing the certificate, and SHALL include a registered name of the organization. Theunmistakableidentity of the issuer SHALL be specified using an appropriate subset of the following attributes: domainComponent; countryName; stateOrProvinceName; organizationName; localityName; and serialNumber. Additional attributes MAY be present but they SHOULD NOT be necessary to identify the issuing organization.Many client implementations presuppose presence of a commonName attribute value in the issuer field, containing relevant information about the Issuer and the scope of the certificate. Certificates aimed for public use SHOULD therefore always use the commonName attribute to store information, which gives users reasonable guidance on the nature of the certificate.The legal jurisdiction for the issuing CA SHOULD be consistent with the issuer name. It should be noted, however, that a relying party MAY have to consult associated certificate policies and/or the issuer's CPS, in order to determine the semantics of name fields and legal jurisdiction. 3.1.2 SubjectCertificatesThe subject field of a certificate compliant with this profile SHALLat the same time specifycontain a distinguished nameand an unmistakable identityof the subject (see 2.4 for definition of distinguishedname and unmistakable identity). Attributes stored in the subject field SHALL at least form a distinguished name of the subject, but they MAY also specify a complete unmistakable identity. Relying parties MAY however have to examine information stored in the subject alternative name extension and the subject directory attributes extension in order to determine a complete unmistakable identity of the subject.name). The subject field SHALL contain an appropriate subset of the following attributes: countryName; commonName; surname; givenName; pseudonym; serialNumber; organizationName; Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 6] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 organizationalUnitName; stateOrProvinceName localityName and postalAddress. Other attributes may be present but MUST NOT be necessary to distinguish the subject name from other subject names within the issuer domain. Of these attributes, the subject field SHALL include at least one of the following: Choice I: commonName Choice II: givenName Choice III: pseudonym The countryName attribute value specifies a general context in which other attributes are to be understood. The country attribute does not necessarily indicate the subject's country of citizenship or country of residence, nor does it have to indicate the country of issuance. Note: Many X.500 implementations require the presence of countryName in the DIT. In cases where the subject name, as specified in the subject field, specifies a public X.500 directory entry, the countryName attribute SHOULD always be present. The commonName attribute value SHALL, when present, contain a name of the subject. This MAY be in the subject's preferred presentation format, or a format preferred by the CA, or some other format. Pseudonyms, nicknames and names with spelling other than defined by the registered name MAY be used. To understand the nature of the name presented in commonName, complying applications MAY have to examine present values of the givenName and surname attributes, or the pseudonym attribute. Note: Many client implementations presuppose the presence of the commonName attribute value in the subject field and use this value to display the subject's name regardless of present givenName, surname or pseudonym attribute values.Certificates aimed for public use SHOULD therefore always include the commonName attribute even if givenName, surname or pseudonym attributes are present.The surname and givenName attribute types SHALL, if present, contain the registered name of the subject, depending on the laws under which the CA prepares the certificate. These attributes SHALL be used in the subject field if the commonName attribute is not present. In cases where the subject only has a single name registered, the givenName attribute SHALL be used and the surname attribute SHALL be omitted. Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 7] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 The pseudonym attribute type SHALL, if present, contain a pseudonym of thesubject, which SHALL be part of the subject's unmistakable identity (as defined in Section 2.4).subject. Use of the pseudonym attribute MUST NOT be combined with use of any of the attributes surname and/or givenName. The serialNumber attribute type SHALL, when present, be used to differentiate between names where the subject field would otherwise be identical. This attribute has no defined semantics beyond ensuring uniqueness of subject names. It MAY contain a number or code assigned by the CA or an identifier assigned by a government or civil authority. It is the CA's responsibility to ensure that the serialNumber is sufficient to resolve any subject name collisions. The organizationName and the organizationalUnitName attribute types SHALL, when present, be used to store the name and relevant information of an organization with which the subject is associated. The type of association between the organization and the subject is beyond the scope of this document. The postalAddress, the stateOrProvinceName and the localityName attribute types SHALL, when present, be used to store address and geographical information with which the subject is associated. If an organizationName value also is present then the postalAddress, stateOrProvinceName and localityName attribute values SHALL be associated with the specified organization. The type of association between the postalAddress, stateOrProvinceName and the localityName and either the subject or the organizationName is beyond the scope of this document. Compliant implementations SHALL be able to interpret the attributes named in this section. 3.2 Certificate Extensions This specification provides additional details regarding the contents of five certificate extensions. These extensions are the subject directory attributes, certificate policies, key usage, private extension for biometric information and private extension for Qualified Certificate statements. 3.2.1 Subject Directory Attributes The subjectDirectoryAttributes extension MAY contain additional attributes, associated with the subject, as complement to present information in the subject field and the subject alternative name extension. Attributes suitable for storage in this extension are attributes, which are not part of the subject's distinguished name, but which MAY Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 8] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 still be useful forthe purpose of authorization and/or for determining a global unmistakable identity of the subject.other purposes (e.g. authorization). This extensionSHALLMUST NOT be marked critical. Compliant implementations SHALL be able to interpret the following attributes: title; dateOfBirth; placeOfBirth; gender; countryOfCitizenship; and countryOfResidence. Other attributes MAY be included according to local definitions. The title attribute type SHALL, when present, be used to store a designated position or function of the subject within the organization specified by present organizational attributes in the subject field. The association between the title, the subject and the organization is beyond the scope of this document. The dateOfBirth attribute SHALL, when present, contain the value of the date of birth of the subject. The manner in which the date of birth is associated with the subject is outside the scope of this document. The placeOfBirth attribute SHALL, when present, contain the value of the place of birth of the subject. The manner in which the place of birth is associated with the subject is outside the scope of this document. The gender attribute SHALL, when present, contain the value of the gender of the subject. For females the value "F" and for males the value "M" have to be used. The manner in which the gender is associated with the subject is outside the scope of this document. The countryOfCitizenship attribute SHALL, when present, contain the identifier of at least one of the subject's claimed country of citizenship at the time that the certificate was issued. If the subject is a citizen of more than one country, more than one country MAY be present. Determination of citizenship is a matter of law and is outside the scope of this document. The countryOfResidence attribute SHALL, when present, contain the value of at least one country in which the subject is resident. If the subject is a resident of more than one country, more than one country MAY be present. Determination of residence is a matter of Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 9] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 law and is outside the scope of this document. 3.2.2 Certificate Policies The certificate policies extension SHALL contain the identifier of at least one certificate policy which reflects the practices and procedures undertaken by the CA. The certificate policy extension MAY be marked critical. A statement by the issuer stating the purpose of the certificate as discussed in Section 2.2 SHOULD be evident through indicated policies. In order to enhance path validation based on policy object identifiers any statement related to Qualified Certificates, as defined in 3.2.5, SHOULD also be defined by included certificate policies. Certificate policies MAY be combined with any qualifier defined in RFC 2459. 3.2.3 Key Usage The key usage extension SHALL be present. If the key usage nonRepudiation bit is asserted then it SHOULD NOT be combined with any other key usage , i.e. if set, the key usage non-repudiation SHOULD be set exclusively. The key usage extension MAY be marked critical. 3.2.4 Biometric Information This section defines an extension for storage of biometric information. Biometric information is stored in the form of a hash of a biometric template. The purpose of this extension is to provide means for authentication of biometric information. The biometric information that corresponds to the stored hash is not stored in this extension, but the extension MAY include an URI pointing to a location where this information can be obtained. If included, this URI does not imply that this is the only way to access this information. It is RECOMMENDED that biometric information in this extension are limited to information types suitable for human verification,i.e.i.e., where the decision of whether the information is an accurate representation of thesubject,subject is naturally performed by aphysicalperson. This implies a usage where the biometric information is representedbySantesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 10] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 by, forexampleexample, a graphicalimage,image displayed to the relying party, which MAY be used by the relying party to enhance identification of the subject. This extension MUST NOT be marked critical. biometricInfo EXTENSION ::= { SYNTAX BiometricSyntax IDENTIFIED BY id-pe-biometricInfo } id-pe-biometricInfo OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {id-pe 2} BiometricSyntax ::= SEQUENCE OF BiometricData BiometricData ::= SEQUENCE { typeOfBiometricData TypeOfBiometricData, hashAlgorithm AlgorithmIdentifier, biometricDataHash OCTET STRING, sourceDataUri IA5String OPTIONAL } TypeOfBiometricData ::= CHOICE { predefinedBiometricType PredefinedBiometricType, biometricDataID OBJECT IDENTIFIER } PredefinedBiometricType ::= INTEGER { picture(0), handwritten-signature(1)} (picture|handwritten-signature,...) The predefined biometric type picture, when present, SHALL identify that the source picture is in the form of a displayable graphical image of the subject. The hash of the graphical image SHALL only be calculated over the image data excluding any labels defining the image type. The predefined biometric type handwritten-signature, when present, SHALL identify that the source data is in the form of a displayable graphical image of the subject's handwritten signature. The hash of the graphical image SHALL only be calculated over the image data excluding any labels defining the image type. 3.2.5 Qualified Certificate Statements This section defines an extension for inclusion of defined statements related to Qualified Certificates. A typical statement suitable for inclusion in this extension MAY be a statement by the issuer that the certificate is issued as a Qualified Certificate in accordance with a particular legal system (as discussed in Section 2.2). Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 11] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 Other statements suitable for inclusion in this extension MAY be statements related to the applicable legal jurisdiction within which the certificate is issued. As an example this MAY include a maximum reliance limit for the certificate indicating restrictions on CA's liability. Each statement SHALL include an object identifier for the statement and MAY also include optional qualifying data contained in the statementInfo parameter. If the statementInfo parameter is included then the object identifier of the statement SHALL define the syntax and SHOULD define the semantics of this parameter. If the object identifier does not define the semantics, a relying party may have to consult a relevant certificate policy or CPS to determine the exact semantics. This extension may be critical or non-critical. qcStatements EXTENSION ::= { SYNTAXQcStatementsSyntaxQCStatements IDENTIFIED BY id-pe-qcStatements } id-pe-qcStatements OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pe 3 }QcStatementsSyntaxQCStatements ::= SEQUENCE OFQcStatement QcStatementQCStatement QCStatement ::= SEQUENCE { statementId QC-STATEMENT.&Id({SupportedStatements}), statementInfo QC-STATEMENT.&Type ({SupportedStatements}{@statementId}) OPTIONAL } SupportedStatements QC-STATEMENT ::= { qcStatement-1,...} 3.2.5.1 Predefined Statements This profile includes one predefined object identifier (id-qcs- pkixQCSyntax-v1), identifying conformance with syntax and semantics defined in this profile. This Qualified Certificate profile is referred to as version 1. qcStatement-1 QC-STATEMENT ::= { SemanticsInformation IDENTIFIED BY id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v1 } -- This statement identifies conformance with syntax and -- semantics defined in this Qualified Certificate profile -- (Version 1). The SemanticsInformation may optionally contain -- additional semantics information as specified. SemanticsInformation ::= SEQUENCE { Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 12] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 semanticsIdentifier OBJECT IDENTIFIER OPTIONAL, nameRegistrationAuthorities NameRegistrationAuthorities OPTIONAL } (WITH COMPONENTS {..., semanticsIdentifier PRESENT}| WITH COMPONENTS {..., nameRegistrationAuthorities PRESENT}) NameRegistrationAuthorities ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF GeneralName The SementicsInformation component identified by id-qcs- pkixQCSyntax-v1 MAY contain a semantics identifier and MAY identify one or more name registration authorities. The semanticsIdentifier component, if present, SHALL contain an OID, defining semantics for attributes and names in basic certificate fields and certificate extensions. The OID may define semantics for all, or for a subgroup of all present attributes and/or names. The NameRegistrationAuthorities component, if present, SHALL contain a name of one or more name registration authorities, responsible for registration of attributes or names associated with the subject. The association between an identified name registration authority and present attributes MAY be defined by a semantics identifier OID, by a certificate policy (or CPS) or some other implicit factors. If a value of type SemanticsInformation is present in aQcStatementQCStatement then at least one of the fields semanticsIdentifier and nameRegistrationAuthorities must be present, as indicated. 4 Security Considerations The legal value of a digital signature that is validated with a Qualified Certificate will be highly dependent upon the policy governing the use of the associated private key. Both the private key holder as well as the relying party should make sure that the private key is used only with the consent of the legitimate key holder. Since the public keys are for public use with legal implications for involved parties, certain conditions should exist before CAs issues certificates as Qualified Certificates. The associated private keys must be unique for the subject, and must be maintained under the subject's sole control. That is, a CA should not issue a qualified certificate if the private key is shared among entities, or the means to use the private key is not protected against unintended usage. This implies that the CA must perform proof-of-possession of the private key. In addition, it implies that the CA have some knowledge about the subject's cryptographic module. Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 13] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 CAs should not issue CA certificates with policy mapping extensions indicating acceptance of another CA's policy unless these conditions are met. Combining the nonRepudiation bit in the keyUsage certificate extension with other keyUsage bits may have security implications and this specification therefore recommends against such practices. Comparing two qualified certificates to determine if they represent the same physical entity may provide misleading results and should be performed with care. This specification is a profile of RFC 2459. The security considerations section of that document applies to this specification as well. 5 References [RFC 2119] S. Bradner, "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", March 1997. [RFC 2247] S. Kille, M. Wahl, A. Grimstad, R. Huber, S. Sataluri, "Using Domains in LDAP/X.500 Distinguished Names", January 1998. [RFC 2459] R. Housley, W. Ford, W. Polk, and D.Solo, "Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure: Certificate and CRL Profile", January 1999. [X.501] ITU-T RecommendationX.501 (1997 E):X.501: Information Technology - Open Systems Interconnection - The Directory: Models, June1997.1993. [X.509] ITU-T RecommendationX.509 (1997 E):X.509: Information Technology - Open Systems Interconnection - The Directory: Authentication Framework, June 1997. [X.520] ITU-T Recommendation X.520: Information Technology - Open Systems Interconnection - The Directory: Selected Attribute Types, June1997.1993. [X.680] ITU-T Recommendation X.680: Information Technology - Abstract Syntax Notation One, 1997. [ISO 3166] ISO Standard 3166: Codes for the representation of names of countries, 1993. [PKCS 9] RSA Laboratories: PKCS #9 v2.0: Selected Object Classes and Attributes,1999 (draft).February 2000. Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 14] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 6 Intellectual Property Rights The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any intellectual property or other rights that might be claimed to pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in this document or the extent to which any license under such rights might or might not be available; neither does it represent that it has made any effort to identify any such rights. Information on the IETF's procedures with respect to rights in standards-track and standards related documentation can be found in BCP-11. Copies of claims of rights made available for publication and any assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an attempt made to obtainagenerala general license or permission for the use of such proprietary rights by implementors or users of this specification can be obtained from the IETF Secretariat. The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary rights which may cover technology that may be required to practice this standard. Please address the information to the IETF Executive Director. Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 15] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 APPENDICES A. ASN.1 definitions As in RFC 2459, ASN.1 modules are supplied in two different variants of the ASN.1 syntax. Appendix A.1 is in the 1988 syntax, and does not use macros. However, since the module imports type definitions from modules in RFC 2459 which are not completely in the 1988 syntax, the same comments as in RFC 2459 regarding its use applies here as well; i.e. Appendix A.1 may be parsed by an 1988 ASN.1-parser by removing the definitions for the UNIVERSAL types and all references to them in RFC 2459's 1988 modules. Appendix A.2 is in the 1993 syntax. However, since the module imports type definitions from modules in RFC 2459 which are not completely in the 1993 syntax, the same comments as in RFC 2459 regarding its use applies here as well; i.e. Appendix A.2 may be parsed by an 1993 ASN.1-parser by removing the UTF8String choice from the definition of DirectoryString in the module PKIX1Explicit93 in RFC 2459. Appendix A.2 may be parsed "as is" by an 1997 ASN.1 parser, however. A.1 1988 ASN.1 Module PKIXqualified88 {iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0) id-mod-qualified-cert-88(10) } DEFINITIONS EXPLICIT TAGS ::= BEGIN -- EXPORTS ALL -- IMPORTS GeneralName FROM PKIX1Implicit88 {iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0) id-pkix1-implicit-88(2)} AlgorithmIdentifier, DirectoryString, Attribute, AttributeType, id-pkix, id-pe, id-at FROM PKIX1Explicit88 {iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0) id-pkix1-explicit-88(1)}; Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 16] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 -- Locally defined OIDs -- Arc for QC 'OtherName' types id-on OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pkix 8 } -- Arc for QC personal data attributes id-pda OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pkix 9 } -- Arc for QC statements id-qcs OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pkix 11 } -- Attributes id-at-serialNumber AttributeType ::= { id-at 5 } SerialNumber ::= PrintableString (SIZE(1..64)) id-at-postalAddress AttributeType ::= { id-at 16 } PostalAddress ::= SEQUENCE OF DirectoryString id-at-pseudonym AttributeType ::= { id-at 65 } Pseudonym ::= DirectoryString domainComponent AttributeType ::= { 0 9 2342 19200300 100 1 25 } DomainComponent ::= IA5String id-pda-dateOfBirth AttributeType ::= { id-pda 1 } DateOfBirth ::= GeneralizedTime id-pda-placeOfBirth AttributeType ::= { id-pda 2 } PlaceOfBirth ::= DirectoryString id-pda-gender AttributeType ::= { id-pda 3 } Gender ::= PrintableString (SIZE(1)) -- "M", "F", "m" or "f" id-pda-countryOfCitizenship AttributeType ::= { id-pda 4 } CountryOfCitizenship ::= PrintableString (SIZE (2)) -- ISO 3166 Country Code id-pda-countryOfResidence AttributeType ::= { id-pda 5 } CountryOfResidence ::= PrintableString (SIZE (2)) -- ISO 3166 Country Code -- Private extensions -- Biometric info extension id-pe-biometricInfo OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {id-pe 2} Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 17] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 BiometricSyntax ::= SEQUENCE OF BiometricData BiometricData ::= SEQUENCE { typeOfBiometricData TypeOfBiometricData, hashAlgorithm AlgorithmIdentifier, biometricDataHash OCTET STRING, sourceDataUri IA5String OPTIONAL } TypeOfBiometricData ::= CHOICE { predefinedBiometricType PredefinedBiometricType, biometricDataOid OBJECT IDENTIFIER } PredefinedBiometricType ::= INTEGER { picture(0),handwritten-signature(1)} (picture|handwritten-signature) -- QC Statements Extension id-pe-qcStatements OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pe 3}QcStatementsSyntaxQCStatements ::= SEQUENCE OFStatement StatementQCStatement QCStatement ::= SEQUENCE { statementId OBJECT IDENTIFIER, statementInfo ANY DEFINED BY statementId OPTIONAL} -- QC statements id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v1 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-qcs 1 } -- This object identifier identifies conformance with syntax and -- semantics defined in this Qualified Certificate profile -- (Version 1). This statement may optionally contain -- additional semantics information as specified below. SemanticsInformation ::= SEQUENCE { semanticsIndentifier OBJECT IDENTIFIER OPTIONAL, nameRegistrationAuthorities NameRegistrationAuthorities OPTIONAL } NameRegistrationAuthorities ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF GeneralName END Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 18] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 A.2 1993 ASN.1 Module PKIXqualified93 {iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0) id-mod-qualified-cert-93(11) } DEFINITIONS EXPLICIT TAGS ::= BEGIN -- EXPORTS ALL -- IMPORTS authorityKeyIdentifier, subjectKeyIdentifier, keyUsage, extendedKeyUsage, privateKeyUsagePeriod, certificatePolicies, policyMappings, subjectAltName, issuerAltName, basicConstraints, nameConstraints, policyConstraints, cRLDistributionPoints, subjectDirectoryAttributes, authorityInfoAccess, GeneralName, OTHER-NAME FROM PKIX1Implicit93 {iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0) id-pkix1-implicit-93(4)} id-pkix, AlgorithmIdentifier, ATTRIBUTE,SupportedAttributes,Extension, EXTENSION, DirectoryString{}, ub-name, id-pe, id-at, id-at-commonName, id-at-surname, id-at-countryName, id-at-localityName, id-at-stateOrProvinceName, id-at-organizationName, id-at-organizationalUnitName, id-at-givenName, id-at-dnQualifier, pkcs9email, title, organizationName, organizationalUnitName, stateOrProvinceName, localityName, countryName, generationQualifier, dnQualifier, initials, givenName, surname, commonName, name FROM PKIX1Explicit93 {iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0) id-pkix1-explicit-93(3)}; -- Object Identifiers -- Externally defined OIDs id-at-serialNumber OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-at 5} id-at-postalAddress OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-at 16 } id-at-pseudonym OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-at 65 } id-domainComponent OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { 094 2342 19200300 100 1 25 } -- Locally defined OIDs -- Arc for QC 'OtherName' types Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 19] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 id-on OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pkix 8 } -- Arc for QC personal data attributes id-pda OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pkix 9 } -- Arc for QC statements id-qcs OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pkix 11 } -- Private extensions id-pe-biometricInfo OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pe 2 } id-pe-qcStatements OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pe 3 } -- Personal data attributes id-pda-dateOfBirth OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pda 1 } id-pda-placeOfBirth OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pda 2 } id-pda-gender OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pda 3 } id-pda-countryOfCitizenship OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pda 4 } id-pda-countryOfResidence OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pda 5 } -- QC statements id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v1 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-qcs 1 } -- Object Sets -- The following information object set is defined to constrain the -- set of legal certificate extensions. Note that this set is an -- extension of the ExtensionSet defined in RFC 2459. ExtensionSet EXTENSION ::= { authorityKeyIdentifier | subjectKeyIdentifier | keyUsage | extendedKeyUsage | privateKeyUsagePeriod | certificatePolicies | policyMappings | subjectAltName | issuerAltName | basicConstraints | nameConstraints | policyConstraints | cRLDistributionPoints | subjectDirectoryAttributes | authorityInfoAccess | biometricInfo | qcStatements, ... } -- The following information object set is defined to constrain the -- set of attributes applications are required to recognize in -- distinguished names. The set may of course be augmented to meet -- local requirements. Note that deleting members of the set may Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 20] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 -- prevent interoperability with conforming implementations, and that -- this set is an extension of theSupportedAttributeSetSupportedAttributes set in RFC 2459.SupportedAttributeSetSupportedAttributes ATTRIBUTE ::= { countryName | commonName | surname | givenName | pseudonym | serialNumber | organizationName | organizationalUnitName | stateOrProvinceName | localityName | postalAddress | pkcs9email | domainComponent | dnQualifier, ... -- For future extensions -- } -- The following information object set is defined to constrain the -- set of attributes applications are required to recognize in -- subjectDirectoryAttribute extensions. The set may be augmented to -- meet local requirements. Note that deleting members of the set -- may prevent interoperability with conforming implementations. PersonalDataAttributeSet ATTRIBUTE ::= { title | dateOfBirth | placeOfBirth | gender | countryOfCitizenship | countryOfResidence, ...-- For future extensions -- }} -- Attributes -- serialNumber from X.520 serialNumber ATTRIBUTE ::= { WITH SYNTAX PrintableString (SIZE(1..64)) ID id-at-serialNumber } -- postalAddress from X.520 postalAddress ATTRIBUTE ::= { WITH SYNTAX SEQUENCE SIZE (1..6) OF DirectoryString { 30 } ID id-at-postalAddress } -- pseudonym from (forthcoming) X.520) pseudonym ATTRIBUTE ::= { WITH SYNTAX DirectoryString { ub-name } ID id-at-pseudonym } -- domainComponent from RFC 2247 domainComponent ATTRIBUTE ::= { WITH SYNTAX IA5String ID id-domainComponent } dateOfBirth ATTRIBUTE ::= { WITH SYNTAX GeneralizedTime ID id-pda-dateOfBirth } placeOfBirth ATTRIBUTE ::= { WITH SYNTAXDirectoryString { ub-name }UTF8String (SIZE(1..ub-name)) ID id-pda-placeOfBirth } Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 21] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 gender ATTRIBUTE ::= { WITH SYNTAX PrintableString (SIZE(1) ^ FROM("M"|"F"|"m"|"f")) ID id-pda-gender } countryOfCitizenship ATTRIBUTE ::= { WITH SYNTAX PrintableString (SIZE (2)) (CONSTRAINED BY { -- ISO 3166 codes only -- }) ID id-pda-countryOfCitizenship } countryOfResidence ATTRIBUTE ::= { WITH SYNTAX PrintableString (SIZE (2)) (CONSTRAINED BY { -- ISO 3166 codes only -- }) ID id-pda-countryOfResidence } -- Private extensions -- Biometric info extension biometricInfo EXTENSION ::= { SYNTAX BiometricSyntax IDENTIFIED BY id-pe-biometricInfo } BiometricSyntax ::= SEQUENCE OF BiometricData BiometricData ::= SEQUENCE { typeOfBiometricData TypeOfBiometricData, hashAlgorithm AlgorithmIdentifier, biometricDataHash OCTET STRING, sourceDataUri IA5String OPTIONAL, ... -- For future extensions -- } TypeOfBiometricData ::= CHOICE { predefinedBiometricType PredefinedBiometricType, biometricDataOid OBJECT IDENTIFIER } PredefinedBiometricType ::= INTEGER { picture(0), handwritten-signature(1)} (picture|handwritten-signature,...) -- QC Statements Extension qcStatements EXTENSION ::= { SYNTAXQcStatementsSyntaxQCStatements IDENTIFIED BY id-pe-qcStatements }QcStatementsSyntaxQCStatements ::= SEQUENCE OFQcStatement QcStatementQCStatement QCStatement ::= SEQUENCE { statementId QC-STATEMENT.&id({SupportedStatements}), Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 22] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 statementInfo QC-STATEMENT.&Type ({SupportedStatements}{@statementId}) OPTIONAL } QC-STATEMENT ::= CLASS { &id OBJECT IDENTIFIER UNIQUE, &Type OPTIONAL } WITH SYNTAX { [&Type] IDENTIFIED BY &id } qcStatement-1 QC-STATEMENT ::= { SemanticsInformation IDENTIFIED BY id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v1} -- This statement identifies conformance with syntax and -- semantics defined in this Qualified Certificate profile -- (Version 1). The SemanticsInformation may optionally contain -- additional semantics information as specified. SemanticsInformation ::= SEQUENCE { semanticsIdentifier OBJECT IDENTIFIER OPTIONAL, nameRegistrationAuthorities NameRegistrationAuthorities OPTIONAL }(WITH COMPONENTS {..., semanticsIdentifier PRESENT}| WITH COMPONENTS {..., nameRegistrationAuthorities PRESENT}) NameRegistrationAuthorities ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF GeneralName -- The following information object set is defined to constrain the -- set of attributes applications are required to recognize as QCSs. SupportedStatements QC-STATEMENT ::= { qcStatement-1, ... -- For future extensions -- } END Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 23] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 B. A Note on Attributes This document defines several new attributes, both for use in the subject field of issued certificates and in the subjectDirectoryAttributes extension. In the interest of conformity, they have been defined here using the ASN.1 ATTRIBUTE definition from RFC 2459, which is sufficient for the purposes of this document, but greatly simplified in comparison with ISO/ITU's definition. A complete definition of these new attributes (including matching rules), along with object classes to support them in LDAP-accessible directories, can be found in [PKCS 9]. C. Example CertificateEditor's note: This example will be updated (to reflect the decision to use the subjectDirectoryAttributes extension rather than the subjectAlternativeName extension) before publication of this memo as an RFC.This section contains the ASN.1structurestructure, an ASN.1 dump, anda hex dumpthe DER-encoding of a817 byte version 3 qualified certificate.certificate issued in conformance with this profile. The example has been developed with the help of the OSS ASN.1 compiler. The certificatecontainshas the followinginformation:characteristics: 1. Theserial number is 1 2. Thecertificate is signed with RSA and the SHA-1 hash algo- rithm3.2. The issuer's distinguished name is O=GMD - Forschungszentrum InformationstechnikGmbH,GmbH; C=DE4.3. The subject's distinguished name is CN=Petra M.Gloeckner,Barzin, O=GMD - Forschungszentrum Informationstechnik GmbH, C=DE 5. The certificate was issued onJuly 6, 1999May 1, 2000 and will expire onJuly 6,November 1, 2000 6. The certificate contains a 1024 bit RSA key 7. The certificate includes a critical key usage extension exclusively indicating non-repudiation 8. The certificate includes a certificate policy identifier extension indicating the practices and procedures undertaken by the issuing CA (object identifier 1.3.36.8.1.1). The certificate policy object identifier is defined by TeleTrust, Germany. It is required to be set in a certificate conformant to thegermanGerman digital signature law. 9. The certificate includesone subject alternative name -aPersonalData structure (object identifier 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.8.1) in the OtherName sub-fieldsubject directory attributes extension containing the following attributes:Registered by: municpality@seeheim.desurname:GloecknerBarzin given name: Petra date of birth: October, 14th 1971(object identifier 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.9.1)place of birth: Darmstadt(object identifier 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.9.2)country of citizenship:DE (object identifier1.3.6.1.5.5.7.9.5)gender: female(object identifier 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.9.4)10. The certificate includes a qualified statement(object identifier 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.1.3)private extension indicatinga maximum reliance limit of DM 5000,-. Thereforethat themonetary value has been used which has been defined by ISO (objectnaming registration authority's Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 24] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 name as "municipality@darmstadt.de". 11. The certificate includes, in conformance with RFC 2459, an authority key identifier1.2.840.10052.1.1): currency: 280 (=DEM) amount: 5 exponent: 3extension. C.1 ASN.1 StructureSEQUENCE length = 813 { SEQUENCE length = 666C.1.1 Extensions Since extensions are DER-encoded already when placed in the structure to be signed, they are for clarity shown here in the value notation defined in [X.680]. C.1.1.1 The subjectDirectoryAttributes extension petrasSubjDirAttrs AttributesSyntax ::= {[0] (constructed) length = 3{INTEGER 2 } INTEGER 1 SEQUENCE length = 9type id-pda-countryOfCitizenship, values {OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.14.3.2.sha1WithRSASignature(29) NULLPrintableString : "DE" }SEQUENCE length = 72 { SET length = 11}, {SEQUENCE length = 9type id-pda-gender, values {OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.countryName(6)PrintableString"DE" }: "F" }SET length = 57}, {SEQUENCE length = 55type id-pda-dateOfBirth, values {OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.organizationName(10) PrintableString "GMD - Forschungszentrum Informationstechnik GmbH"GeneralizedTime : "197110140000Z" } }, { type id-pda-placeOfBirth, values { UTF8String : "Darmstadt" } }SEQUENCE length = 30 { UTCTime "990706153122Z" UTCTime "000706153122Z"}SEQUENCE length = 101C.1.1.2 The keyUsage extension petrasKeyUsage KeyUsage ::= {nonRepudiation} C.1.1.3 The certificatePolicies extension petrasCertificatePolicies CertificatePoliciesSyntax ::= {SET length = 11Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 25] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 {SEQUENCE length = 9policyIdentifier {1 3 36 8 1 1} } } C.1.1.4 The qcStatements extension petrasQCStatement QCStatements ::= {OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.countryName(6) PrintableString "DE"{ statementId id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v1, statementInfo SemanticsInformation : { nameRegistrationAuthorities { rfc822Name : "municipality@darmstadt.de" } }SET length = 57} } C.1.1.5 The authorityKeyIdentifier extension petrasAKI AuthorityKeyIdentifier ::= {SEQUENCE length = 55keyIdentifier '000102030405060708090A0B0C0D0E0FFEDCBA98'H } C.1.2 The certificate The signed portion of the certificate is shown here in the value notation defined in [X.680]. Note that extension values are already DER encoded in this structure. Some values has been truncated for readability purposes. {OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.organizationName(10)version v3, serialNumber 1234567890, signature { algorithm { 1 2 840 113549 1 1 5 }, parameters RSAParams : NULL }, issuer rdnSequence : { { { type { 2 5 4 6 }, value PrintableString : "DE" } }, { Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 26] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 { type { 2 5 4 10 }, value UTF8String : "GMD - Forschungszentrum Informationstechnik GmbH" } }SET length = 27}, validity {SEQUENCE length = 25notBefore utcTime : "000501100000Z", notAfter utcTime : "001101100000Z" }, subject rdnSequence : {OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.commonName(3) PrintableString "Petra M. Gloeckner" } } } SEQUENCE length = 159{SEQUENCE length = 13{OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.1.rsaEncryption(1) NULL } BIT STRING number of bits = 1120 content: 30818902818100ff 0524ce2d11337f8c ccfb8211faa33088 f53c244ca3155ba5 6ad181f54ab6b1f8 4d1d7298623907f6 3956b392d700bf09 9c6ffeca8ac96622 dcbe2d7ff88f40d8 4f561b34c70e3e6e 32f2aa68e7ed2a21 202ff858fc5f42bf b25864b2c0e9e8c3 21f66adcbad87a8c a754fce448e1e507 8906fb8a81b7fe27 9ec35794ca20e502 03010001type { 2 5 4 6 }, value PrintableString : "DE" }[3] (constructed) length = 272}, {SEQUENCE length = 268{SEQUENCE length = 14type {OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.keyUsage(15) BOOLEAN TRUE OCTET STRING length =2 5 4content: 0302064010 }, value UTF8String : "GMD Forschungszentrum Informationstechnik GmbH" }SEQUENCE length = 18}, {OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.certificatePolicies(32) OCTET STRING length = 11 content: 3009300706052b24 080101 } SEQUENCE length = 190{OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.subjectAltName(17) OCTET STRING length = 182 content: 3081b3a081b00608 2b06010505070801 a081a33081a03081 9d30819a16176d75 6e69636970616c69 7479407365656865 696d2e6465307f30 120603550404310b 1309676c6f65636b 6e6572300e060355 042a310713055065 747261301d06082b 0601050507090131 11180f3139373131 3031343030303030 305a301706082b06 010505070905310b 13094461726d7374 616474301006082b 0601050507090331 0413024445300f06 082b060105050709 043103130146 } SEQUENCE length = 37type {OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.1.3 OCTET STRING length = 25 content: 3017301506072a86 48ce440101300a02 0201180201050201 03 } }2 5 4 4 }, value UTF8String : "Barzin" }, { type { 2 5 4 42 }, value UTF8String : "Petra" } }SEQUENCE length = 9}, subjectPublicKeyInfo {OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.14.3.2.sha1WithRSASignature(29) NULL } BIT STRING number of bits = 1024 content: 3858d00a57281748 98923f8968cd8c7f 561a531472a34d1a 189d836d66e42104 ac126ffe52d1f1bc f15c17076df75860 c4ad6fa850d2a6c7 0bfbf6f7816f5a8b 1e74a08ce6db0d81 2e5fdda0a0ece8b1 6ad5e6c2acc225a5 4cfe1965f44706c8 0dd854d82ff80de5 4c03ab63eeb2664c 8326f3d54bf15027 c7bc22c79ebf46c8 } C.2 Structured hexdump: 0x00000000 T: 30 L: 82 03 2d{ 0x00000004 T: 30 L: 82 02 9a{ 0x00000008 T: a0 L: 03{ 0x0000000a T: 02 L: 01 C: 02 } 0x0000000d T: 02 L: 01 C: 01 0x00000010 T: 30 L: 09{ 0x00000012 T: 06 L: 05 C: 2b 0e 03 02 1d 0x00000019 T: 05 L: 00 C: } 0x0000001b T: 30 L: 48{ 0x0000001d T: 31 L: 0b{ 0x0000001f T: 30 L: 09{ 0x00000021 T: 06 L: 03 C: 55 04 06 0x00000026 T: 13 L: 02 C: 44 45 } } 0x0000002a T: 31 L: 39{ 0x0000002c T: 30 L: 37{ 0x0000002e T: 06 L: 03 C: 55 04 0a 0x00000033 T: 13 L: 30 C: 47 4d 44 20 2d 20 46 6f 72 73 63 68 75 6e 67 73 7a 65 6e 74 72 75 6d 20 49 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 74 65 63 68 6e 69 6b 20 47 6d 62 48 } } } 0x00000065 T: 30 L: 1e{ 0x00000067 T: 17 L: 0d C: 39 39 30 37 30 36 31 35 33 31 32algorithm { algorithm { 1 2 840 113549 1 1 1 }, parameters RSAParams : NULL }, subjectPublicKey '00110000 10000001 10000111 00000010 1000 ...'B }, extensions Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 27] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 { { extnId { 2 5 29 9 }, -- subjectDirectoryAttributes extnValue '305B301006082B06010505070904310413024445300F0 ...'H }, { extnId { 2 5 29 15 }, -- keyUsage critical TRUE, extnValue '03020640'H }, { extnId { 2 5 29 325a 0x00000076 T: 17 L: 0d C: 30 30 30 37 30 36 31}, -- certificatePolicies extnValue '3009300706052B24080101'H }, { extnId { 2 5 29 3533 31 32 32 5a}, -- authorityKeyIdentifier extnValue '30168014000102030405060708090A0B0C0D0E0FFEDCBA98'H }, { extnId { 1 3 6 1 5 5 7 1 3 }, -- qcStatements extnValue '302B302906082B06010505070B01301D301B81196D756 ...'H }0x00000085 T: 30 L: 65{ 0x00000087 T: 31 L: 0b{ 0x00000089 T: 30 L: 09{ 0x0000008b T: 06 L: 03 C: 55 04 06 0x00000090 T: 13 L: 02 C: 44 45} }0x00000094 T: 31 L: 39{ 0x00000096 T: 30 L: 37{ 0x00000098 T: 06 L: 03 C: 55 04 0a 0x0000009d T:C.2 ASN.1 dump This section contains an ASN.1 dump of the signed portion of the certificate. Some values has been truncated for readability purposes. TBSCertificate SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 631 version : tag = [0] constructed; length = 3 Version INTEGER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 2] primitive; length = 1 2 serialNumber CertificateSerialNumber INTEGER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 2] primitive; length = 4 1234567890 signature AlgorithmIdentifier SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 13L: 30 C: 47 4d 44 20 2d 20 46 6f 72 73 63 68 75 6e 67 73 7a 65 6e 74 72 75 6d 20 49 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 74 65 63 68 6e 69 6b 20 47 6d 62 48 }algorithm OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 9 { 1 2 840 113549 1 1 5 }0x000000cf T: 31 L: 1b{ 0x000000d1 T: 30 L: 19{ 0x000000d3 T: 06 L: 03 C: 55 04 03 0x000000d8 T: 13 L: 12 C: 50 65 74 72 61 20 4d 2e 20 47 6c 6f 65 63 6b 6e 65parameters OpenType: NULL: tag = [UNIVERSAL 5] primitive; length = 0 NULL issuer Name CHOICE rdnSequence RDNSequence SEQUENCE OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 28] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 constructed; length = 72} } } 0x000000ec T: 30 L: 81 9f{ 0x000000ef T: 30 L: 0d{ 0x000000f1 T: 06 L: 09 C: 2a 86 48 86 f7 0d 01 01 01 0x000000fc T: 05 L: 00 C: } 0x000000fe T: 03 L: 81 8d C: 00 30 81 89 02 81 81 00 ff 05 24 ce 2d 11 33 7f 8c cc fb 82RelativeDistinguishedName SET OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 17] constructed; length = 11fa a3 30 88 f5 3c 24 4c a3 15 5b a5 6a d1 81 f5 4a b6 b1 f8 4d 1d 72 98 62 39 07 f6 39 56 b3 92 d7 00 bf 09 9c 6f fe ca 8a c9 66 22 dc be 2d 7f f8 8f 40 d8 4f 56 1b 34 c7 0e 3e 6e 32 f2 aa 68 e7 ed 2a 21 20 2f f8 58 fc 5f 42 bf b2 58 64 b2 c0 e9 e8 c3 21 f6 6a dc ba d8 7a 8c a7 54 fc e4 48 e1 e5 07 89 06 fb 8a 81 b7 fe 27 9e c3 57 94 ca 20 e5 02 03 01 00 01 } 0x0000018e T: a3 L: 82 01 10{ 0x00000192 T: 30 L: 82 01 0c{ 0x00000196 T: 30 L: 0e{ 0x00000198 T: 06 L: 03 C: 55 1d 0f 0x0000019d T: 01 L: 01 C: ff 0x000001a0 T: 04 L: 04 C: 03 02 06 40AttributeTypeAndValue SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 9 type OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 3 { 2 5 4 6 }0x000001a6 T: 30 L: 12{ 0x000001a8 T: 06 L: 03 C:value OpenType: PrintableString: tag = [UNIVERSAL 19] primitive; length = 2 "DE" RelativeDistinguishedName SET OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 17] constructed; length = 57 AttributeTypeAndValue SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 551d 20 0x000001ad T: 04 L: 0b C: 30 09 30 07 06 05 2b 24 08 01 01type OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 3 { 2 5 4 10 }0x000001ba T: 30 L: 81 be{ 0x000001bd T: 06 L: 03 C: 55 1d 11 0x000001c2 T: 04 L: 81 b6 C: 30 81 b3 a0 81 b0 06 08 2b 06 01 05 05 07 08 01 a0 81 a3 30 81 a0 30 81 9d 30 81 9a 16 17 6d 75 6e 69 63 69 70 61 6c 69 74 79 40 73 65 65 68 65 69 6d 2e 64 65 30 7fvalue OpenType : UTF8String: tag = [UNIVERSAL 12] primitive; length = 48 0x474d44202d20466f72736368756e67737a656e7472756d2049... validity Validity SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 3012 06 03 55 04 04 31 0bnotBefore Time CHOICE utcTime UTCTime: tag = [UNIVERSAL 23] primitive; length = 1309 67 6c 6f 65 63 6b 6e 65 72 30 0e 06 03 55 04 2a 31 07000501100000Z notAfter Time CHOICE utcTime UTCTime: tag = [UNIVERSAL 23] primitive; length = 1305 50 65 74 72 61 30 1d 06 08 2b 06 01 05 05 07 09 01 31001101100000Z subject Name CHOICE rdnSequence RDNSequence SEQUENCE OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 101 RelativeDistinguishedName SET OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 17] constructed; length = 1118 0f 31 39 37 31 31 30 31 34 30 30 30 30 30 30 5a 30 17 06 08 2b 06 01 05 05 07 09 05 31 0b 13 09 44 61 72 6d 73 74 61 64 74 30AttributeTypeAndValue SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 9 type OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 3 { 2 5 4 6 } value OpenType: PrintableString: tag = [UNIVERSAL 19] primitive; length = 2 "DE" RelativeDistinguishedName SET OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 17] constructed; length = 55 AttributeTypeAndValue SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 53 type OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 3 Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 29] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 { 2 5 4 1006 08 2b 06 01 05 05 07 09 03 31 04} value OpenType: UTF8String: tag = [UNIVERSAL 12] primitive; length = 46 0x474d4420466f72736368756e67737a656e7472756d20496e66... RelativeDistinguishedName SET OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 17] constructed; length = 29 AttributeTypeAndValue SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 1302 44 45 30 0f 06 08 2b 06 01 05 05 07 09 04 31 03type OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 3 { 2 5 4 4 } value OpenType: UTF8String: tag = [UNIVERSAL 12] primitive; length = 6 0x4261727a696e AttributeTypeAndValue SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 12 type OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 3 { 2 5 4 42 } value OpenType: UTF8String: tag = [UNIVERSAL 12] primitive; length = 5 0x5065747261 subjectPublicKeyInfo SubjectPublicKeyInfo SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 157 algorithm AlgorithmIdentifier SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 1301 46algorithm OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 9 { 1 2 840 113549 1 1 1 }0x0000027b T: 30 L: 25{ 0x0000027d T: 06 L: 08 C: 2b 06 01 05 05 07 01 03 0x00000287 T: 04 L: 19 C: 30 17 30 15 06 07 2a 86 48 ce 44 01 01 30 0a 02 02 01 18 02 01 05 02 01 03parameters OpenType: NULL: tag = [UNIVERSAL 5] primitive; length = 0 NULL subjectPublicKey BIT STRING: tag = [UNIVERSAL 3] primitive; length = 139 0x0030818702818100b8488400d4b6088be48ead459ca19ec717aaf3d1d... extensions : tag = [3] constructed; length = 233 Extensions SEQUENCE OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 230 Extension SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 100 extnId OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 3 { 2 5 29 9 } extnValue OCTET STRING: tag = [UNIVERSAL 4] primitive; length = 93 0x305b301006082b06010505070904310413024445300f06082b060... Extension SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 14 Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 30] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 extnId OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 3 { 2 5 29 15 } critical BOOLEAN: tag = [UNIVERSAL 1] primitive; length = 1 TRUE extnValue OCTET STRING: tag = [UNIVERSAL 4] primitive; length = 4 0x03020640 Extension SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 18 extnId OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 3 { 2 5 29 32 } extnValue OCTET STRING: tag = [UNIVERSAL 4] primitive; length = 11 0x3009300706052b24080101 Extension SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 31 extnId OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 3 { 2 5 29 35 }0x000002a2 T: 30 L: 09{ 0x000002a4 T: 06 L: 05 C: 2b 0e 03 02 1d 0x000002ab T: 05 L: 00 C: } 0x000002ad T: 03 L: 81 81 C: 00 38 58 d0 0aextnValue OCTET STRING: tag = [UNIVERSAL 4] primitive; length = 24 0x30168014000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0ffedcba98 Extension SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 5728 17 48 98 92 3f 89 68 cd 8c 7f 56 1a 53 14 72 a3 4d 1a 18 9d 83 6d 66 e4 21 04 ac 12 6f fe 52 d1 f1 bc f1 5c 17 07 6d f7 58 60 c4 ad 6f a8 50 d2 a6 c7 0b fb f6 f7 81 6f 5a 8b 1e 74 a0 8c e6 db 0d 81 2e 5f dd a0 a0 ec e8 b1 6a d5 e6 c2 ac c2 25 a5 4c fe 19 65 f4 47 06 c8 0d d8 54 d8 2f f8 0d e5 4c 03 ab 63 ee b2 66 4c 83 26 f3 d5 4b f1 50 27 c7 bc 22 c7 9e bf 46 c8 0x00000331extnId OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 8 { 1 3 6 1 5 5 7 1 3 } extnValue OCTET STRING: tag = [UNIVERSAL 4] primitive; length = 45 0x302b302906082b06010505070b01301d301b81196d756e6963697... C.3Hex Dump 0 3082032D 3082029A A0030201 02020101 |0..-0...........| 10 30090605 2B0E0302 1D050030 48310B30 |0...+......0H1.0| 20 09060355 04061302 44453139 30370603 |...U....DE1907..| 30 55040A13 30474D44 202D2046 6F727363 |U...0GMD - Forsc| 40 68756E67 737A656E 7472756D 20496E66 |hungszentrum Inf| 50 6F726D61 74696F6E 73746563 686E696B |ormationstechnik| 60 20476D62 48301E17 0D393930 37303631 | GmbH0...9907061| 70 35333132 325A170D 30303037 30363135 |53122Z..00070615| 80 33313232 5A306531 0B300906 03550406 |3122Z0e1.0...U..| 90 13024445 31393037 06035504 0A133047 |..DE1907..U...0G| A0 4D44202D 20466F72 73636875 6E67737A |MD - Forschungsz| B0 656E7472 756D2049 6E666F72 6D617469 |entrum Informati| C0 6F6E7374 6563686E 696B2047 6D624831 |onstechnik GmbH1| D0 1B301906 03550403 13125065 74726120 |.0...U....Petra | E0 4D2E2047 6C6F6563 6B6E6572 30819F30 |M. Gloeckner0..0| F0 0D06092A 864886F7 0D010101 05000381 |...*.H..........| 100 8D003081 89028181 00FF0524 CE2D1133 |..0........$.-.3| 110 7F8CCCFB 8211FAA3 3088F53C 244CA315 |........0..<$L..| 120 5BA56AD1 81F54AB6 B1F84D1D 72986239 |[.j...J...M.r.b9| 130 07F63956 B392D700 BF099C6F FECA8AC9 |..9V.......o....| 140 6622DCBE 2D7FF88F 40D84F56 1B34C70E |f"..-...@.OV.4..| 150 3E6E32F2 AA68E7ED 2A21202F F858FC5F |>n2..h..*! /.X._| 160 42BFB258 64B2C0E9 E8C321F6 6ADCBAD8 |B..Xd.....!.j...| 170 7A8CA754 FCE448E1 E5078906 FB8A81B7 |z..T..H.........| 180 FE279EC3 5794CA20 E5020301 0001A382 |.'..W.. ........| 190 01103082 010C300E 0603551D 0F0101FF |..0...0...U.....| 1A0 04040302 06403012 0603551D 20040B30 |.....@0...U. ..0| 1B0 09300706 052B2408 01013081 BE060355 |.0...+$...0....U| 1C0 1D110481 B63081B3 A081B006 082B0601 |.....0.......+..| 1D0 05050708 01A081A3 3081A030 819D3081 |........0..0..0.| 1E0 9A16176D 756E6963 6970616C 69747940 |...municipality@| 1F0 73656568 65696D2E 6465307F 30120603 |seeheim.de0.0...| 200 55040431 0B130967 6C6F6563 6B6E6572 |U..1...gloeckner| 210 300E0603 55042A31 07130550 65747261 |0...U.*1...Petra| 220 301D0608 2B060105 05070901 3111180F |0...+.......1...| 230 31393731 31303134 30303030 30305A30 |19711014000000Z0| 240 1706082B 06010505 07090531 0B130944 |...+.......1...D| 250 61726D73 74616474 30100608 2B060105 |armstadt0...+...| 260 05070903 31041302 4445300F 06082B06 |....1...DE0...+.| 270 01050507 09043103 13014630 2506082B |......1...F0%..+| 280 06010505 07010304 19301730 1506072A |.........0.0...*| 290 8648CE44 0101300A 02020118 02010502 |.H.D..0.........| 2A0 01033009 06052B0E 03021D05 00038181 |..0...+.........| 2B0 003858D0 0A572817 4898923F 8968CD8C |.8X..W(.H..?.h..| 2C0 7F561A53 1472A34D 1A189D83 6D66E421 |.V.S.r.M....mf.!| 2D0 04AC126F FE52D1F1 BCF15C17 076DF758 |...o.R......m.X| 2E0 60C4AD6F A850D2A6 C70BFBF6 F7816F5A |`..o.P........oZ| 2F0 8B1E74A0 8CE6DB0D 812E5FDD A0A0ECE8 |..t......._.....| 300 B16AD5E6 C2ACC225 A54CFE19 65F44706 |.j.....%.L..e.G.| 310 C80DD854 D82FF80D E54C03AB 63EEB266 |...T./...L..c..f| 320 4C8326F3 D54BF150 27C7BC22 C79EBF46 |L.&..K.P'.."...F| 330 C8 |. |DER-encoding This section contains the full, DER-encoded certificate, in hex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antesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 31] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June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s public RSA key This section contains the DER-encoded public RSA key of the CA who signed the example certificate. It is included with the purpose of simplifying verifications of the example certificate. 30818902818100ad1f35964b3674c807b9f8a645d2c8174e514b69a4b46a7382 915abbc44eccede914dae8fcc023abcea9c53380e641795cb0dda664b872fc10 9f9bbb852bf42d994f634c681608e388dce240b558513e5b60027bd1a07cef9c 9b6db37c7e1f1abd238eed96e4b669056b260f55e83f14e6027127c9deb3ad18 afcd3f8a5f5bf50203010001 D.AuthorAuthors' Addresses Stefan SantessonAccurata SystemsaekerhetAddTrust AB Slagthuset S-211 20 Malmoe Swedenstefan@accurata.sestefan@addtrust.com Tim Polk NIST Building 820, Room 426 Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA wpolk@nist.gov Petra Barzin SECUDE - Sicherheitstechnologie Informationssysteme GmbH Landwehrstrasse 50a D-64293 Darmstadt Germany barzin@secude.com Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 32] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile June 2000 Magnus Nystrom RSALaboratoriesSecurity AB Box 10704 S-121 29 Stockholm Sweden magnus@rsasecurity.com E. 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However, this document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process shall be followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than English. The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns. This document and the information contained herein is provided on an "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Santesson, et. al. Expires: December 2000 [Page 33] ----