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INTERNET DRAFT                                                James Kempf
Category: Informational                            Sun Microsystems
22 October 1999 Microsystems, Inc.
Title: draft-ietf-svrloc-template-conversion-06.txt            Ryan Moats
Date: Feburary 2000                                     AT&T Laboratories
                                                          Pete St. Pierre
                                                   Sun Microsystems Microsystems, Inc.


          Conversion of LDAP Schemas to and from SLP Templates
              draft-ietf-svrloc-template-conversion-05.txt



Status of This this Memo

   This document is a submission an individual contribution for consideration by the Service Location
   SrvLoc Working Group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).  Comments should be
   submitted to the srvloc@srvloc.org mailing list. Force.

   Distribution of this memo is unlimited.

   This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with
   all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.  Internet-Drafts are working
   documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas,
   and its working groups.  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at:

      http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt

   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at:

      http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.


















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   Copyright   (C) The Internet Draft           Schemas Society 1999.  All Rights Reserved.












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                                Abstract

   This document describes a procedure for mapping between SLP service
   advertisments and LDAP descriptions of services. The document covers
   two aspects of the mapping. One aspect is mapping between SLP service
   type templates and LDAP directory schema. Because the SLP service
   type template grammer is relatively simple, mapping from service type
   templates to LDAP types is straightforward.  Mapping in the other
   direction is straightforward if the LDAP schema is attributes are restricted to the set use
   just a few of attribute types the syntaxes defined in RFC 2252. If arbitrary ASN.1
   types occur in the schema, then the mapping is more complex and may
   even be impossible.  The second aspect is representation of service
   information in an LDAP directory.  The recommended representation
   simplifies interoperability with SLP by allowing SLP directory agents
   to backend into LDAP directory servers. The resulting system allows
   service advertisements to propagate easily between SLP and LDAP.

                                Contents


Status

                           Table of This Memo                                                    i

Abstract                                                              ii

 1. Contents

1.0 Introduction                                                       1

 2.
2.0 Mapping SLP Templates to LDAP Schema                               2
     2.1.
  2.1 Mapping from SLP Attribute Types to LDAP Attribute Attibute Types     6
           2.1.1.
    2.1.1 Integer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    6
           2.1.2. String  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    7
           2.1.3.
    2.1.2 String
    2.1.3 Boolean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    7
           2.1.4.
    2.1.4 Opaque  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    7
     2.2.
  2.2 Keyword Attributes  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    7
     2.3.
  2.3 Template Flags  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    8
           2.3.1.
    2.3.1 Multi-valued  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    8
           2.3.2.
    2.3.2 Optional  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    8
           2.3.3.
    2.3.3 Literal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    8
           2.3.4.
    2.3.4 Explicit Matching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    8
     2.4.
  2.4 Default and Allowed Value Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . .    9
     2.5.
  2.5 Descriptive Text  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    9
     2.6.
  2.6 Generating LDAP Attribute OIDs
  2.7 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    9

 3.
3.0 Attribute Name Conflicts                                          13

 4.
4.0 Mapping from Schema to Templates                                  13
     4.1.
  4.1 Mapping LDAP Attribute Types to SLP Attribute Types . . .   14
     4.2.
  4.2 Mapping ASN.1 Types to SLP Types  . . . . . . . . . . . .   15
           4.2.1.
    4.2.1 Integer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   16



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           4.2.2. Case Ignore String, Case Exact String . . . . . .   16
           4.2.3.
    4.2.2 Boolean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   16
           4.2.4.
    4.2.3 Enumerated
    4.2.4 Object Identifier
    4.2.5 Octet String  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   17
           4.2.5. Binary  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   17
           4.2.6. Enumeration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   17
           4.2.7. Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   17
           4.2.8.
    4.2.6 Real  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   18
           4.2.9. Object Identifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   18
          4.2.10. Sequence  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   19
     4.3.
  4.3 Example ASN.1 Schema  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   19

 5.
5.0 Representing SLP Service Advertisments Advertisements in an LDAP DIT             21

 6.



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6.0 Internationalization Considerations                               23

 7.
7.0 Security Considerations                                           23


1.
8.0 References
9.0 Full Copyright Statement
10.0 Authors' Addresses

1.0 Introduction

   SLP templates [2] [1] are intended to create a simple encoding of the
   syntactic and semantic conventions for individual service types,
   their attributes, and conventions.  They can easily be generated,
   transmitted, read by humans and parsed by programs, as it is a string
   based syntax with required comments.  Directory schemas serve to
   formalize directory entry structures for use with LDAP [3]. [2] These
   directories serve to store information about many types of entities.
   Network services are an example of one such entity.

   Interoperability between SLP and LDAP is important so clients using
   one protocol derive benefit from services registered through the
   other. In addition, LDAP directory servers can serve as the backend
   for SLP directory agents (DAs) if interoperability is possible In
   order to facilitate interoperability, this document creates mappings
   between the SLP template grammar and LDAP directory schema, and
   establishes some conventions for representing service advertisements
   in LDAP directories. The goal of the translation is to allow SLPv2
   queries (which are syntatically and semantically equivalent to LDAPv3
   string queries [9]) [7]) to be submitted to an LDAP directory server by an
   SLP DA backended into LDAP without extensive processing by the DA.

   The simple notation and syntactic/semantic attribute capabilities of
   SLP templates map easily into directory schemas, and are easily
   converted into directory schemas, even by automated means.  The
   reverse  may not be true. If the LDAP schema contains arbitrary ASN.1
   types, attributes with
   unrecognized or complex syntaxes, the translation may be difficult or
   impossible.  If, however, the LDAP schema contains only uses a few of the types described
   common syntaxes defined in RFC 2252 [10],  [8], then the translation is
   more straightforward.




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   bidirectionality, the mapping must follow a very specific
   representation in its DESC attributes.

   This document outlines the correct mappings for SLP templates into
   the syntatic representation specified for LDAP directory schema by
   RFC 2252 [10]. [8]. This syntax is a subset of the ASN.1/BER described in
   the X.209 specification [11], [9], and is used by the LDAPv3 [3] [2] directory
   schema.  Likewise, rules and guidelines are proposed to facilitate
   consistent mapping of ASN.1 based schemas to be translated in the SLP
   template grammar. Finally, a proposal for a representation of service
   advertisements in LDAP directory services is made that facilitates



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   SLP interoperability.


2.

   Except when used as elements in the definition of LDAP schemas, the
   key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED",  "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [16].

2.0 Mapping SLP Templates to LDAP Schema

   We define the following abstract object class as the parent class for
   all services.  Any specific service type may add other is a subclass of this, with
   its own attributes:

     ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.42.2.27.6.2.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.6252.2.27.6.2.1
       NAME 'slpService'
       DESC 'parent superclass for SLP services'
       ABSTRACT
       SUP 'top' top
       MUST  ( template-major-version-number \$ $
               template-minor-version-number \$ $
               description \$ $
               template-url-syntax \$ $
               service-advert-service-type \$ $
               service-advert-scopes )
       MAY   ( service-advert-url-authenticator \$ $
               service-advert-attribute-authenticator ) )

   The attributes correspond to various parts of the SLP service
   template and SLP service advertisement.

   SLP service type templates begin with four definitions that set the
   context of the template:


     template-type - This defines the service type of the template. The
     service type can be a simple service type, like ``service:ftp'', an
     abstract service type, like ``service:printer'' or a concrete
     service type, like ``service:printer:lpr''. The type name can
     additionally include a naming authority, for example
     ``service:printer.sun:local''.  The name that appears in this field
     omits the ``service:'' prefix.




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     template-version - A string containing a major and minor version
     number, separated by a period.


     template-description - A block of human readable text describing



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     what the service type does.


     template-url-syntax - An ABNF [7] [6] grammer describing the service
     type specific part of the service URL.


   The SLP template-type definition is used as the name of the ASN.1 LDAP
   object class for the template, a subclass of the ``slpService''
   class, together with the ``service'' prefix to indicate that the name
   is for a service. In the translating service type name, colons and
   the period separating the naming authority are converted into
   hyphens. If the template defines an SLP concrete type, the concrete
   type name is used; the abstract type name is never used.  For
   example, the template for ``service:printer:lpr'' is translated into
   an ASN.1 LDAP object class called ``service-printer-lpr''. Furthermore, if
   the type name contains a naming authority, the naming authority name
   must be included. For example, the service type name
   ``service:printer.sun:local'' becomes ``service-printer-sun-local''.
   The ASN.1 LDAP object class is always  ``STRUCTURAL''.

   The template-version definition is partitioned into two attributes,
   template-major-version-number and template-minor-version-number. The
   LDAP definition for these attributes is:

     ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.42.2.27.6.1.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.6252.2.27.6.1.1
       NAME 'template-major-version-number'
       DESC 'The major version number of the service type template'
       EQUALITY integerMatch
       SYNTAX INTEGER 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.27
       SINGLE-VALUE
     NO-USER-MODIFICATION
     )

     ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.42.2.27.6.1.2 1.3.6.1.4.1.6252.2.27.6.1.2
       NAME 'template-minor-version-number'
       DESC 'The minor version number of the service type template'
     SYNTAX INTEGER
       EQUALITY integerMatch
       SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.27
       SINGLE-VALUE



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     NO-USER-MODIFICATION
     )


   These attributes are marked NO-USER-MODIFICATION because they are
   set by the definition of the template, and they are required (MUST
   contain) attributes in the ASN.1 class translated from the template.

   The template-url-syntax definition in the SLP template is described
   by the following attribute:

     ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.42.2.27.6.1.3 1.3.6.1.4.1.6252.2.27.6.1.3
       NAME 'template-url-syntax'
       DESC 'An ABNF grammar describing the service type
             specific part of the service URL'
     SYNTAX IA5String



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       EQUALITY caseExactMatch caseExactIA5Match
       SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.26
       SINGLE-VALUE
     )

   The template-description attribute is translated into the X.520
   standard attribute ``description'' [4]. [3].

   We further establish the convention that SLP template characteristcs
   that can't be translated into LDAP are inserted into the DESC field
   of the object class definition. The items are separated by empty
   lines, start on
   lines (consisting of two "LINE FEED" characters), are preceeded by a new line,
   LINE FEED character, and are tagged at the  beginning of the line to
   indicate what they represent.   This allows the template to be
   reconstructed from the schema by properly parsing the comments.

   The bulk of an SLP template consists of attribute definitions.  There
   are four items in an SLP template attribute definition that need to
   be mapped into LDAP:


     Attribute Name - Since SLPv2 attribute names are defined to be
     compatible with LDAPv3, SLP attributes map directly into LDAP
     attributes with no change. Similarly, LDAP attributes map directly
     to SLP attributes.


     Attribute Type - The SLP attribute type is mapped into the LDAP
     attribute type.






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     Attribute Flags - The SLP attribute flags are mapped into
     characterics of the LDAP attribute definition, or into the DESC
     field if no equivalent LDAP attribute definition characteristic
     occurs.


     Default and Allowed Values - These must be handled by the client or
     a DA enabled to handle templates, as in SLP. For reference,
     however, they should be included in the DESC field of the LDAP
     attribute definition.


     Descriptive Text - The SLP template descriptive text should be
     mapped into the DESC field.


   We discuss mapping of types, flags, default and allowed values, and



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   descriptive text in the subsections below.

   For purposes of representing an SLP entry, we also define two
   standardized LDAP syntaxes and attributes with standardized OIDs.  These
   attributes are:


     ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.42.2.27.6.1.4 1.3.6.1.4.1.6252.2.27.6.2.2
       DESC 'SLP Service Type'
     )

   Defines the syntax for the service type name. The syntax is defined
   in the BNF for the service URL in RFC 2609 Section 2.1 [1].


     ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.6252.2.27.6.2.3
       DESC 'SLP Scope'
     )

   Defines the syntax for the scope name. The syntax is defined in the
   BNF for scope names in RFC 2608 Section 6.4.1 [5].

     ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.6252.2.27.6.1.4
       NAME 'service-advert-service-type'
       DESC 'The service type of the service advertisement, including the
             "service:" prefix.'
       EQUALITY caseExactIA5Match
       SYNTAX IA5String 1.3.6.1.4.1.6252.2.27.6.2.2
       SINGLE-VALUE
     EQUALITY caseIgnoreMatch
     )

     Defines an attribute for the service type name.

     ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.42.2.27.6.1.5 1.3.6.1.4.1.6252.2.27.6.1.5
       NAME 'service-advert-scopes'
       DESC 'A list of scopes for a service advertisement.'
     SYNTAX IA5String
       EQUALITY caseIgnoreMatch caseExactIA5Match
       SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.6252.2.27.6.2.3
     )


   Searchs

   Defines a multivalued attribute for the scopes.

   Searches for abstract types can be made with an LDAP query that
   wildcards the concrete type. For example, a search for all service
   advertisements of the printer abstract type can be made with the
   following query:


        (service-advert-service-type=service:printer:*)



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   SLP specifies that service URLs and attribute lists can be
   accompanied by a structured authenticator consisting of a digital
   signature and information necessary to verify the signature.  Two  A
   syntax and two standardized SLP attributes are defined for this
   purpose:


     ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.42.2.27.6.1.6 1.3.6.1.4.1.6252.2.27.6.2.3 DESC 'SLP Authenticator')


     The syntax of an SLP authenticator is a sequence of bytes in
     network byte order preceeded by the number of bytes in the
     sequence, encoded as an INTEGER. The contents of the sequence are
     the bytes from the SLP authentication block, see RFC 2608, Section
     9.2 [5].

     ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.6252.2.27.6.1.6
       NAME 'service-advert-url-authenticator'
       DESC 'The authenticator for the URL, null if none.'
       SYNTAX Binary 1.3.6.1.4.1.6252.2.27.6.2.3
       SINGLE-VALUE
     )

     This attribute contains the SLP URL authenticator, as defined in
     RFC 2608, Section 9.2 [5].

     ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.42.2.27.6.1.7 1.3.6.1.4.1.6252.2.27.6.1.7
       NAME 'service-advert-attribute-authenticator'
       DESC 'The authenticator for the attribute list, null if none.'
       SYNTAX Binary 1.3.6.1.4.1.6252.2.27.6.2.3
       SINGLE_VALUE
     )



2.1.

     This attribute contains the SLP attribute authenticator, as defined
     in RFC 2608, Section 9.2 [5].


2.1 Mapping from SLP Attribute Types to LDAP Attribute Types

    We define the mapping from SLP attribute types to LDAP as follows:


     SLP Type    ASN.1 Type               LDAP Type
     ----------------------------------------------
     Integer
     ---------------------------------------------------
      Integer     INTEGER              INTEGER
      String       String      DirectoryString      Directory String
      Boolean      String     BOOLEAN              Boolean
      Opaque       BINARY           BINARY      OCTET STRING         Octet String



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      Keyword     (N/A)                IA5 String           IA5String


   The following subsections discuss further details of the mapping.


2.1.1.

2.1.1 Integer

   SLP integers compare as integers when performing a query.  LDAP
   integers behave similarly similarly.  Consequently, the mapping from the SLP
   integer type to LDAP is INTEGER, with the integerMatch matching rule.






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2.1.2.

2.1.2 String

   SLP strings are encoded as described in the SLP protocol
   specification [6]. [5].  All value strings are considered case insensitive
   for matching operations.  SLP strings are not null terminated and are
   encoded in UTF-8.

   SLP strings are mapped to the LDAP Directory String type. The
   Directory String type exactly matches the SLP string type, i.e. it is
   a non-null terminated UTF-8 string. The caseIgnoreMatch equality
   rule, caseIgnoreOrderingMatch ordering rule, and
   caseIgnoreSubstringsMatch substring rule are used for comparing
   string attribute values.


2.1.3.

2.1.3 Boolean

   Boolean attributes may have one of two possible values.  In SLP,
   these values are represented as strings, TRUE and FALSE.  In SLP's
   string encoding of a boolean value, case does not matter.

   The SLP Boolean type maps directly into an LDAP Boolean. BOOLEAN. The
   caseIgnoreMatch rule is used for equality matching.


2.1.4.

2.1.4 Opaque

   SLP attribute values of type Opaque are represented as BINARY OCTET STRING
   in
   LDAP.


2.2. LDAP, and the octetStringMatch matching rule is used to compare
   them.

2.2 Keyword Attributes

   SLP service type templates allow the definition of keyword
   attributes.  Keyword attributes are attributes whose only
   characteristic is their presence. Keyword attributes have no flag
   information, nor any default or allowed values (since, by definition,
   they have no values).

   ASN.1 has no concept of keyword




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   ASN.1 has no concept of keyword attributes. Keyword attributes are
   translated into a ``May'' clause in the ASN.1 class defintion for the
   service type. If the keyword attribute is present, then its value is
   of no consequence, but for consistency we make it simply the NUL
   character, ``\00''.








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2.3. `` 0''.

2.3 Template Flags

   SLP template flags can be handled as described in the following
   subsections.


2.3.1.

2.3.1 Multi-valued

   Multi-valued attributes are defined in an SLP template using the 'M'
   flag.  This flag indicates that an attribute may have more than one
   value.  All values for a given attribute must be of the same type.

   LDAP attribute definitions require that a single valued attribute
   include the SINGLE-VALUE tag if the attribute is single valued.
   Otherwise, the attribute is assumed to be multivalued by default.


2.3.2.

2.3.2 Optional

   SLP uses the 'O' flag to indicate an attribute may or may not be
   present.  These optional attributes are defined using the "May"
   clause in the ASN.1 definition class definition for the service type.
   All other attributes must be defined as a "Must"


2.3.3. "Must".

2.3.3 Literal

   ASN.1 does not have a mechanism to indicate that the values of an
   attribute may not be translated from one language to another, since
   ASN.1 schema are not typically translated. This flag is dropped when
   translating a template, but presence of the flag should be noted in
   the DESC field. It should be placed on a separate line and tagged
   with ``Literal:'' so the template can be reconstructed from the
   schema.


2.3.4.

2.3.4 Explicit Matching

   The SLP template syntax uses a flag of 'X' to indicate that an
   attribute must be present in order for the query to be properly
   satisfied.  There is no provision for requiring that particular
   attributes be in a query. Consequently, this flag is dropped when
   translating a template, but presence of the flag should be noted in
   the DESC field. It should be placed on a separate line and tagged
   with ``Explicit:'' so the template can be reconstructed from the
   schema.






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2.4 Default and Allowed Value Lists

   The SLP template grammar provides the capability to define default
   and allowed values for an attribute. The SLP protocol does not
   enforce these restrictions on registered attributes, however.  The
   default and allowed values may be used by client side applications,
   or alternatively it may also be used by DAs to initialize
   registrations having no attributes and to limit attribute values to
   the template allowed values.

   LDAP servers also do not support default and allowed values on
   attributes. Therefore, enforcement of default and allowed values in
   SLP templates is left up to the clients or a DA, if the DA is
   backending into LDAP. The default and allowed values should be
   included in the DESC field. The comments should be placed on separate
   lines and labelled with the ``Default:'' and ``Allowed:'' tags to
   allow reconstruction of the tempalte.


2.5.

2.5 Descriptive Text

   The descriptive text associated with an attribute definition should
   be included in the DESC field. It should start on a separate line and
   begin with the ``Description:'' tag.


2.6.

2.6 Generating LDAP Attribute OIDs

   LDAP attributes require an OID. In general, there is no a priori way
   that an algorithm can be defined for generating OIDs, because it will
   depend on the conventions used by the organization developing the
   template. In some cases, an organization's procedure for generating
   OIDs may be regular enough that a template developer can
   algorithmically generate OIDs off of an assigned root. Whatever means
   is used, the template developer should assure that unique OIDs are
   assigned to each SLP attribute that is translated into an LDAP
   attribute.

2.7 Example

   The template included below is a hypothetical abstract printer
   service template, similar to that described in [12]. [10].


     template-type = printer

     template-version = 0.0

     template-description =
     The printer service template describes the attributes



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     supported by network printing devices.  Devices may be
     either directly connected to a network, or connected to a
     printer spooler that understands the a network queuing
     protocol such as IPP, lpr or the Salutation  Architecture.

     template-url-syntax =
     ;The URL syntax is specific to the printing protocol being
     ;employed

     description = STRING
     # This attribute is a free form string that can contain any



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     # site-specific descriptive information about this printer.

     printer-security-mechanisms-supported = STRING L M
     none
     # This attribute indicates the security mechanisms supported
     tls, ssl, http-basic, http-digest, none

     printer-operator = STRING O L M
     # A person, or persons responsible for maintaining a
     # printer on a day-to-day basis, including such tasks
     # as filling empty media trays, emptying full output
     # trays, replacing toner cartridges, clearing simple
     # paper jams, etc.

     printer-location-address = STRING O
     # Physical/Postal address for this device.  Useful for
     # nailing down a group of printers in a very large corporate
     # network.  For example: 960 Main Street, San Jose, CA 95130

     printer-priority-queue = BOOLEAN O
     FALSE
     # TRUE indicates this printer or print queue is a priority
     # queuing device.

     printer-number-up = INTEGER O
     1
     # This job attribute specifies the number of source
     # page-images to impose upon a single side of an instance
     # of a selected medium.
     1, 2, 4

     printer-paper-output = STRING M L O
     standard
     # This attribute describes the mode in which pages output
     # are arranged.
     standard, noncollated sort, collated sort, stack, unknown




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   We assume that the concrete type ``service:printer:lpr'' for printers
   that speak the LPR protocol [5] [4] has the following template
   definition:


     template-type = printer:lpr

     template-version = 0.0

     template-description =
     The printer:lpr service template describes the attributes



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     supported by network printing devices that speak the
     LPR protocol. No new attributes are included.

     template-url-syntax = queue
     queue = ;The queue name, see RFC 1179.


   The LDAP class definition for the ``service:printer:lpr'' concrete
   service type is translated as follows.  We use attribute names
   instead of oids in MUST and MAY for clarity: follows:

     ( <numericOID1> ---place the assigned OID here---
       NAME  'service-printer-lpr'
       DESC  `Description:  'Description: The printer:lpr service template
                   describes the attributes supported by network printing
                   devices that speak the LPR protocol. No new attributes
                   are included.' included.

              URL Syntax: queue
                   queue = ;The queue name, see RFC 1179.'
       SUP   'slpService'   slpService
       MUST  ( description \$ $ security-mechanisms-supported \$ $
       labelledURI)
       MAY   ( operator \$ $ location-address \$ $ priority-queue \$ $
               number-up \$ $ paper-output)
     )

   The attribute definitions are translated as follows:

     ( <numericOID2> ---place the assigned OID here---
       NAME 'printer-security-mechanisms-supported'
       DESC 'Description: This attribute indicates the security mechanisms
             supported.

             Default: value

             Allowed: tls, ssl, http-basic, http-digest, none




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             Literal:'
       EQUALITY caseIgnoreMatch
       ORDERING caseIgnoreOrderingMatch
       SUBSTR caseIgnoreSubstringMatch caseIgnoreSubstringsMatch
       SYNTAX 'Directory String' 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.15
     )

     ( <numericOID3> ---place the assigned OID here---
       NAME 'printer-operator'
       DESC 'Description: A person, or persons responsible for



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             maintaining a printer on a day-to-day basis, including
             such tasks as filling empty media trays, emptying full
             output trays, replacing toner cartridges, clearing simple
             paper jams, etc.

             Literal:'
       EQUALITY caseIgnoreMatch
       ORDERING caseIgnoreOrderingMatch
       SUBSTR caseIgnoreSubstringMatch caseIgnoreSubstringsMatch
       SYNTAX 'Directory String' 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.15
     )

     ( <numericOID4> --place the assigned OID here---
       NAME 'printer-location-address'
       DESC 'Description Physical/Postal address for this device.
             Useful for nailing down a group of printers in a very
             large corporate network.  For example: 960 Main Street,
             San Jose, CA 95130.'
       EQUALITY caseIgnoreMatch
       ORDERING caseIgnoreOrderingMatch
       SUBSTR caseIgnoreSubstringMatch caseIgnoreSubstringsMatch
       SYNTAX 'Directory String' 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.15
       SINGLE-VALUE
     )

     ( <numericOID5> ---place the assigned OID here---
       NAME 'printer-priority-queue'
       DESC 'Description: TRUE indicates this printer or print
            queue is a priority queuing device.'
       EQUALITY caseIgnoreMatch booleanMatch
       SYNTAX 'Boolean' 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.7
       SINGLE-VALUE
     )

     ( <numericOID6> ---place the assigned OID here---
       NAME 'printer-number-up'
       DESC 'Description: This job attribute specifies the number
             of source page-images to impose upon a single side of



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             an instance of a selected medium. This attribute is
             INTEGER.

             Default: 1

             Allowed: 1, 2, 3, 4'
     SYNTAX 'Integer'
       EQUALITY integerMatch
       SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.27
       SINGLE-VALUE
     )




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     ( <numericOID7> ---place the assigned OID here---
       NAME 'printer-paper-output'
       DESC 'Description: This attribute describes the mode in
             which pages output are arranged. Default value is
             standard.

             Default: standard

             Allowed: standard, noncollated sort, collated sort,
               stack, unknown.
             Literal:'
       EQUALITY caseIgnoreMatch
       ORDERING caseIgnoreOrderingMatch
       SUBSTR caseIgnoreSubstringMatch caseIgnoreSubstringsMatch
       SYNTAX 'Directory String' 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.15
     )


3.

3.0 Attribute Name Conflicts

   LDAP has a flat name space, and attribute names and OIDs must be
   unique in a directory server. In order to avoid name conflicts in the
   translation of SLP templates to LDAP schemas, template developers may
   want to consider prepending the name of the service type to the
   attribute. Postprocessing attribute names to make them unique when
   translated is not possible, because it would require the DA to
   rewrite queries before submitting them to the directory server. In
   addition, developers should use standard LDAP attributes when such
   attributes are available.

   In the above example template, the abstract type name ``printer'' is
   prepended to attributes to avoid conflicts. The standard
   ``description'' attribute defined by X.520 [4] [3] is used to translate
   the template description attribute.


4.

4.0 Mapping from Schema to Templates

   The reverse mapping from LDAP schema to SLP service type templates



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   requires dealing with both LDAP and ASN.1 data types.  RFC 2252
   defines 57 LDAP 33 attribute data types syntaxes that should be supported by LDAP
   directory servers.  These data type syntaxes are defined on top of the using BNF for strings
   or using ASN.1
   typing system used by X.500, but directory servers are also required
   to support standard X.500 ASN.1 data types using the LDAP Binary type
   escape. for binary  valued attributes defined by X.520.

   Mapping of the LDAP data types into SLP template types is fairly
   straightforward, but mapping arbitrary ASN.1 data types is somewhat
   more complicated and requires encoding the ASN.1 data type into a



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   string. To a certain extent, this masks the ASN.1 data type because
   it becomes impossible to distinguish between a native string having
   content equivalent to an encoded ASN.1 string. However, inclusion of
   the ASN.1 data type in the comment provides additional information
   should a reverse transformation from SLP to ASN.1 be required.

   The following subsections deal with both LDAP and ASN.1 attribute
   data type mappings.


4.1.

4.1 Mapping LDAP Attribute Types Syntaxes to SLP Attribute Types

   The following table contains the mappings for LDAP data types syntaxes to SLP
   data types:

        LDAP Type                              SLP Type
     --------------------------------------------------------
        ACI Item                                 NA
        Access Point                             NA
        Attribute Type Description               NA
        Audio                                    Opaque
        Binary                                   ASN.1 escape
        Bit String                               String
        Boolean                                  Boolean
        Certificate                              Opaque
        Certificate List                         Opaque
        Certificate Pair                         Opaque
        Country String                           String
        DN                                       String
        Data Quality Syntax                      NA
        Delivery Method                          NA
        Directory String                         String
        DIT Content Rule Description             NA
        DIT Structure Rule Description           NA
        DL Submit Permission                     NA
        DSA Quality Synax Syntax                       NA
        Enhanced Guide                           NA
        Facsimile Telephone Number               String
        Fax                                      Opaque
        Generalized Time                         String
        Guide                                    NA



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        IA5 String                               String
        INTEGER                                  Integer
        JPEG                                     Opaque
        LDAP Syntax Description                  NA
        LDAP Schema Definition                   NA
        LDAP Schema Description                  NA
        Master and Shadow Access Points          NA



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        Matching Rule Description                NA
        Matching Rule Use Description            NA
        Mail Preference                          NA
        MHS OR Address                           String
        Modify Rights                            NA
        Name and Optional UID                    NA
        Name Form Description                    NA
        Numeric String                           String
        Object Class Description                 NA
        Octet String                             Opaque
        OID                                      String
        Other Mailbox                            String
        Postal Address                           String
        Protocol Information                     NA
        Presentation Address                     String
        Printable String                         String
      Subset
        Substring Assertion                      NA
        Subtree Specification                    NA
        Supplier Information                     NA
        Supplier or Consumer                     NA
        Supplier And Consumer                    NA
        Supported Algorithm                      NA
        DSE Type                                 NA
        Telephone Number                         String
        Teletex Terminal Identifier              String
        Telex Number                             String
        UTC Time                                 String


   If the SLP type is NA in the above table, the LDAP type is involved
   in schema representation or some other internal function, or is
   otherwise unlikely to appear in the schema definition for a service
   type.


4.2.

4.2 Mapping ASN.1 Types to SLP Types

   ASN.1 employs a much richer set of data types than provided by SLP.
   The table below show the mapping of selected ASN.1 data type to their
   nearest SLP equivalent.  Because of the complexity and flexibility of
   ASN.1, a complete list cannot be provided.

   As sample of some ASN.1 encodings and their mappings to SLP:

     ASN.1 type               SLP type
     -----------------------------------------
     INTEGER                  Integer                  Integer
    Case Exact String        String
    Case Ignore String       String



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    Boolean                  Boolean
    Octet String             Opaque
    Binary                   Opaque
    Enumeration              String
    Set Of                   Formatted String
    Real 17]

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     ENUMERATED               String
    Object Identifier
     OBJECT IDENTIFIER        String
    Sequence Of              Formatted
     OCTET STRING             Opaque
     REAL                     String

   Data types that do not map directly to SLP data types should be
   defined as either a String, or as Opaque.  ASN.1 types that may only
   contain valid characters for Strings, as defined in X.680 [11] [9] should
   be encoded as strings.  If  ASN.1 types such as GraphicString that change
   their character set encoding in part way through a value may contain illegal string values, should not
   be encoded as strings, however, If such types are required, the SLP
   Opaque type should be used. In either case, the first line of the
   help text is used to indicate the original ASN.1 data type.

   The following subsections describe how to convert from the ASN.1 BER [11]
   [9] to the SLP template for the different types in the table above.


4.2.1.

4.2.1 Integer

   Both SLP templates and ASN.1 support Integers, so there is a one to
   one mapping between an SLP Integer attribute and an ASN.1 Integer
   attribute.  Details on the encoding of integers is summarized in the
   SLP template to ASN.1 section above.


4.2.2. Case Ignore String, Case Exact String

   Strings are supported between both SLP and ASN.1.  SLP encoding
   of the strings must conform to the rules for handling special
   characters, as outlined in RFC XXX [6].  Note that, unless the ASN.1
   type is recorded into the comment, the reverse translation will lose
   the ASN.1 type.


4.2.3.

4.2.2 Boolean

   Boolean values are supported by both SLP and ASN.1, though on wire
   encodings differ.  X.680 [11] [9] specifies zero and non-zero encoding for
   booleans, where SLP encodes booleans using the strings TRUE and
   FALSE.  In general, most LDAP servers will use the LDAP Boolean type
   (which is a string), so again the ASN.1 type should be recorded in
   the comment or it will be lost.





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4.2.4. Octet String

   An ASN.1 octet string should be mapped to an Opaque in an

4.2.3 Enumerated

   SLP
   template.  An octet string is a sequence templates support the concept of bytes, whereas an Opaque
   is a a string that encodes a sequence enumerations through the listing
   of bytes.  Again, the ASN.1
   type is lost unless recorded in the comment.


4.2.5. Binary

   An ASN.1 Binary should be mapped to an Opaque in an SLP template.  A
   binary value is a sequence of bytes, whereas an Opaque is a a string
   that encodes a sequence of bytes.  Again, the ASN.1 type is lost
   unless recorded in the comment.


4.2.6. Enumeration

   SLP templates support the concept of enumerations through the listing
   of allowed values in allowed values in the attribute definition.  These enumerations
   are not strictly binding on clients or DAs, but they are similar to
   the ASN.1 definition of enumerations. BER encodes the ASN.1
   enumeration by passing the number of the element's position in the
   enumeration.  This requires both sides to have knowledge of the
   specific enumeration prior to decoding an enumeration's value. SLP
   provides no specific support for transmitting enumerations. They are
   simply String types. Information on the ASN.1 type and ASN. ASN.1 encoding
   of the enumeration values is recorded in the comment.

   Example:




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   color-supported = STRING   M
   none
   # ASN.1: Enumeration.
   # ASN.1 Mapping: none = 0, highlight = 1, three color = 2, four color = 4,
   #   monochrmatic = 5
   #This attribute specifies whether the Printer supports
   # color and, if so, what type.
   none,highlight,three color,four color,monochromatic



4.2.7. Set

   ASN.1 Sets can be accommodated in an SLP template by simply
   concatenating the set elements into a string, separated by
   whitespace.  Searches for individual set elements in SLP can use the
   LDAP wildcard syntax.  For example, given a translated Set attribute



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   with value ``one two three'', a search can be made for attributes
   with set value ``two'' by using the LDAP wildcard ``*two*''.

   Problems arise if the set contains as one or more of its
   elements a data item that is, itself, a set.  Without some
   delimiter, the elements of both sets would run together and become
   indistinguishable.  To avoid this problem, we use curly braces ``{}''
   to delimit a set.  Thus the set in the above example becomes ``{ one
   two three }''.

   Since sets have no implicit ordering, the ordering of the values in
   the string is unimportant.  Note that sets cannot be represented as
   multivalued attributes because it is possible that an LDAP attribute
   having the ASN.1 Set type may additionally be multivalued.  The
   template's help text should indicate the original ASN.1 type to
   facilitate backwards conversion.


4.2.8. Real

   There is no direct mapping between floating point numbers and any
   SLP data types.  Attributes having the ASN.1 type of Real are mapped
   to SLP type String.  Comments are added to the attribute help text
   indicating the value was originally an ASN.1 real.  For example:


weight = STRING
# ASN.1: Real
# The objects weight in pounds.



4.2.9.


4.2.4 Object Identifier

   Object identifiers(OIDs) are commonly used in the ASN.1 world to
   identify object and attributes.  OIDs are a numerical representation
   of an element's place in the naming hierarchy. Each element at a
   particular level of a hierarchy has a unique number assigned within
   that level of the hierarchy. A sample OID would be the naming tree
   for SNMP MIBs:  iso(1) org(3) dod(6) internet(1) mgmt(2) mib(1) would
   be written as the string ``1.3.6.1.2.1''.

   Because this representation reduces down to a string of dot separated
   numbers, this maps easily to the SLP String type.  The help text for
   this element should indicate it is an ASN.1 OID


     identifier = STRING
     # ASN.1: OID



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     # The object identifier for this SNMP agent.



4.2.10. Sequence

   The


4.2.5 Octet String

   An ASN.1 Sequence type octet string should be mapped to an Opaque in an SLP
   template.  An octet string is handled exactly like the Set type.  The a sequence elements are converted to strings and inserted into of bytes, whereas an Opaque
   is a a string
   with whitespace separators.  Sequences are delimited with angle
   brackets ``<>''.  An example encoded that encodes a sequence is ``< one two three
   >''.  Unlike sets, the ordering of items bytes. Again, the ASN.1 type
   is lost unless recorded in a sequence the comment.

4.2.6 Real

   There is important no direct mapping between floating point numbers and should be respected by client software.  The any SLP template
   data types.  Attributes having the ASN.1 type of Real are mapped to
   SLP type String.  Comments are added to the attribute help text should indicate that
   indicating the attribute value was translated
   from originally an ASN.1 sequence.


4.3. real.  For example:


     weight = STRING
     # ASN.1: Real
     # The objects weight in pounds.



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4.3 Example ASN.1 Schema

   The following is an example schema for an exported filesystem.  The
   section presents it as in ASN.1 and the following section shows the
   SLP template translation. The template translation does not capture
   the actual attribute format for the Set type, that would be done in
   the LDAP client software making the translation. Note that even
   though the class definition does not conform with the previously
   defined conventions for SLP classes, the schema can still be
   translated into an SLP template.

          -- abstraction of a fstab entry (a "mount")
          -- these lookups would likely be performed by an
          -- an automounter type application
          mount   OBJECT-CLASS
                  SUBCLASS OF top
                  MUST CONTAIN {
                          -- the mount host
                          mountHost,
                          -- the mount point
                          mountDirectory.
                          -- the mount type
                          mountType
                  }
                  MAY CONTAIN {
                          -- mount options
                          mountOption,
                          -- dump frequency
                          mountDumpFrequency,
                          -- passno
                          mountPassNo
                  }




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          mountHost       OBJECT-TYPE
                          SYNTAX         Case Ignore String
                          DESCRIPTION
                                  "The mount host"

          mountDirectory  OBJECT-TYPE
                          SYNTAX Case Ignore String
                          DESCRIPTION
                                  "The filesystem to mount"

          mountType       OBJECT-TYPE
                          SYNTAX INTEGER {
                                  ufs(1)



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                                  hsfs(2)
                                  nfs(3)
                                  rfs(4)
                          }
                          DESCRIPTION
                                  "The type of the filesystem being mounted"

          mountOption     OBJECT-TYPE
                          SYNTAX SET OF Case Ignore String
                          DESCRIPTION
                                  "mount options for this filesystem"

          mountDumpFrequency      OBJECT-TYPE
                                  SYNTAX        INTEGER (0..9)
                                  DESCRIPTION
                                          "How often to dump this filesystem"

          mountPassNo     OBJECT-TYPE
                          SYNTAX Integer
                          DESCRIPTION
                                  "Boot time mount pass number"

   The translated SLP template is:


     template-type = mount

     template-version = 1.0

     template-description = "Describes a remote filesystem access protocol"

     template-url-syntax =
                  filesystem   = 1*[ DIGIT / ALPHA ]
                  urlpath = "/" filesystem

     mountHost = STRING L



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     # ASN.1: Case Ignore String
     # The mount host

     mountDirectory = STRING L
     # ASN.1: Case Ignore String
     # The filesystem to mount

     mountType = STRING L
     ufs
     # ASN.1: Enumeration
     # ASN.1 Mapping: ufs = 1, hsfs = 2, nfs = 3, rfs = 4
     # The type of the filesystem being mounted



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     ufs, hsfs, nfs, rfs

     mountOption = STRING M O L
     # ASN.1: Set of Case Ignore String
     # mount options for this filesystem

     mountDumpFrequency = INTEGER O
     0
     # ASN.1: Integer Range
     # How often to dump this filesystem
     0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

     mountPassNo = INTEGER O
     # ASN.1: Integer
     # Boot time mount pass number



5.


5.0 Representing SLP Service Advertisments in an LDAP DIT

   In addition to translating between SLP templates and LDAP schema,
   another area requiring compatibility is the representation of SLP
   service advertisements in an LDAP DIT. A standardized representation
   for service information allows SLP DAs to store service
   advertisements in LDAP, and for LDAP clients to query the DIT for
   those services.  Similarly, if LDAP clients represent service
   information in the same form, SLP clients can benefit from
   interoperability.

   In addition, a

   A service advertisement contains the service URL in a 'labelledURI'
   attribute [13]. [11]. The labelledURI attribute in a service advertisement
   should only contain the service URL for the service, with no
   additional label.It is recommended that the labelledURI be used as
   the RDN for the service object in the DIT.

   Although service advertisements can appear anywhere within the DIT,
   it is recommended that all services be stored under a single



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   point to facilitates searching. facilitate searching in a domain.  This allows a client to
   search for all of advertisements of a particular service type, say,
   for all printers.  The recommended storage point parent entry is a container
   node one named "oc=service" under
   "ou=service" below the root node for entry which is the local LDAP
   server. representation of the
   domain, as described in RFC 2247.

   For example, a printer service with labelledURI of
   "service:lpr://printsr/queue1"
   "service:lpr://printsrv/queue1" in the domain foobar.com would be
   advertised in the LDAP server that holds the root for the "dc=foobar, dc=com" entry "dc=foobar,dc=com"
   tree would have the following DN:


   "labelledURI=service:lpr://printsr/queue1, oc=service,

     "labelledURI=service:lpr://printsrv/queue1, ou=service, dc=foobar, dc=com"



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   While this leads to a flat space of service storage, since SLP uses
   search filters from LDAP for searches, these filters can be used for
   one-level searches from the root node.

   A few examples should clarify.

   The following example illustrates how an advertisement having a
   simple service type is represented. The advertisment (in conceptual
   form) for a printer is:

     Service URL: Type: service:lpr://printsrv/queue1
     Scopes: eng, corp eng,corp
     Attributes:
       description = A general printer for all to use.
       security-mechanisms-supported = none
  No Authentication
     Authentication: none

   The RDN of the object is labelledURI=service:lpr://printsrv/queue1,
   and the following LDAP search filter will return this object, along
   with any others of the service type ``service:lpr'' that match the
   other attributes:

     (&(service-advert-service-type=service:lpr)
    (service-advert-scopes=eng,corp)
       (service-advert-scopes=eng)
       (service-advert-scopes=corp)
       (description=A general printer for all to use)
       (security-mechanisms-supported=none))


   Service advertisements in SLP also have a lease time associated with
   them. In LDAP servers that support the extensions for dynamic
   directory services [14], [12], the service advertisement entry objectClass
   should be extended with the dynamicObject class. This allows the
   service advertisment to time out within the LDAP directory server. If
   the LDAP directory server does not support the dynamic directory
   services extension, then advertisement lease timeouts must be handled
   by the SLP agent.





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   While the service advertisement schema outlined in this section is
   primarily for SLP DAs that use LDAP as a backing store, if LDAP
   agents register services using the same format, complete
   interoperability with SLP is achieved.


6.

6.0 Internationalization Considerations

   SLP specifies that an RFC 1766 [15] [13] language code accompanies every
   service advertisement. Language codes for service advertisements in
   LDAP must be represented according to RFC 2596 [16]. [14].

   RFC 2596 prohibits language codes in DNs, and specifies that a



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   directory server which does not support language codes must treat an
   attribute with a language code as an unrecognized attributes.
   According to RFC 2596, language codes are appended to attribute names
   with a semicolon (``;''). For example, the following attribute/value
   pair is in the German locale:

       (address;lang-de=44 Bahnhofstrasse, 2365 Maennerstadt, Germany) Weibstadt, Deutschland)

   An attribute with a language tag in a specific locale is considered a
   separate attribute from attributes in other locales.

   If the service advertisement is in the default SLP locale (``en'', no
   dialect), then the language code need not be appended to the
   attribute name.

   SLP queries in locales other than the default need not be rewritten
   to include language tags before being submitted to the directory
   server.  RFC 2596 specifies that all entries that match are returned,
   including those with language tags, without requiring the language
   tags to be explicitly present in the query. The SLP DA can then
   postprocess the result to select the entries from the required
   locale.


7.

7.0 Security Considerations

   SLP authenticators are stored with the service advertisement in the
   DIT, as discussed in Section 5. Section~7ef{slpdit}. LDAP clients need to use
   LDAP authentication [17] [15] to assure that they are connecting with a
   secure server. In particular, SLP DAs that use LDAP as a back end
   store and that implement SLP authentication MUST use LDAP
   authentication to assure that the LDAP entries for their service
   registrations are secure.






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Acknowledgements

   Many thanks are due to Mark Wahl whose detailed and Templates           22 October 1999


References

    [1] S. Bradner.  Key Words for Use insightful
   comments were instrumental in RFCs helping improve the technical accuracy
   of this draft with respect to Indicate Requirement
        Levels.  RFC 2119, March 1997.

    [2] LDAP.

7.0 References

   [1] E. Guttman, C. Perkins, J. Kempf. Service Templates and
        service:Schemes. service:
   Schemes.  RFC 2609, April, 1999.

    [3]

   [2] M. Wahl, T. Howes, and S. Kille. Lightweight Directory Access
   Protocol (v3).  RFC 2251, December, 1997.

    [4]

   [3] International Telecommunications Union Union. The Directory:Selected



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   Attribute Types Types.  ITU Recommendation X.520, X.520. August, 1997.

    [5]

   [4] L. McLaughlin McLaughlin. Line Printer Daemon Protocol Protocol. RFC 1179, 1179. August,
   1990.

    [6]

   [5] E. Guttman, C. Perkins, C ~Perkins, J. Veizades, and M. Day. Service Location
   Protocol version Version 2. RFC 2608, April 2608. April, 1999.

    [7]

   [6] D. Crocker and P P. Overell. Augmented BNF for Syntax
   Specifications: ABNF.  RFC 2234  November 2234. November, 1997.

    [8] ITU-T Rec. X.500.  The Directory:  Overview of Concepts, Models,
        and Service.  1993.

    [9]

   [7] T. Howes. The String Representation of LDAP Search Filters.  RFC 2254, December
   2254. December, 1997.

   [10]

   [8] M. Wahl, A. Coulbeck, T. Howe, and S. Kille.  Lightweight
   Directory Access Protocol (v3): Attribute Syntax Definition.  RFC 2252,
   2252. December, 1997.

   [11]

   [9] ITU-T Rec. X.680. Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) -
   Specification of Basic Notation. 1994.

   [12]

   [10] P. St. Pierre, S. Isaccson, I. McDonald. Definition of printer:
   URLs for use with Service Location
        draft-ietf-svrloc-printer-scheme-03.txt Location. draft-ietf-svrloc-printer-
   scheme-xx.txt. Work in Progress

   [13] Progress.

   [11] M. Smith. Definition of an X.500 Attribute Type and an Object
   Class to Hold Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs). RFC 2079, 2079. January,
   1997.

   [14]

   [12] Y. Yaacovi, M. Wahl, and T. Genovese. Lightweight Directory
   Access Protocol (v3): Extensions for Dynamic Directory Services. RFC 2589,
   2589. May, 1999.





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   [15]

   [13] H. Alverstrand. Alvestrand. Tags for the Identification of Lanaguages. Languages. RFC
        2252,
   1766. December, 1997.

   [16]

   [14] M. Wahl and T. Howes. Use of Language Codes in LDAP. RFC 2596, 2596.
   May, 1999.

   [17]

   [15] M. Wahl, H. Alvestrand, J. Hodges, and R. Morgan. Authentication
   Methods in for LDAP.  draft-ietf-ldapext-authmeth-xx.txt.
        A work Work in progress.











































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   Progress.

   [16] S. Bradner. Key Words for Use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
   Levels.  RFC 2119. March 1997.

9.0 Full Copyright Statement




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   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1997).  All Rights Reserved.

   This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
   others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
   or assist in its implmentation may be prepared, copied, published and
   distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind,
   provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
   included on all such copies and derivative works.  However, this
   document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing
   the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other
   Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of
   developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for
   copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be
   followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than
   English.

   The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
   revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.

   This document and the information contained herein is provided on an
   "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING
   TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
   BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION
   HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
   MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE."


10.0 Authors' Address

     James Kempf                   Ryan Moats
     Sun Microsystems              AT&T Laboratories
     901 San Antonio Avenue        15621 Drexel Circle
     Palo Alto, CA 94303           Omaha, NE, 68135
     USA

     Phone: +1 650 786-5890        +1 402 894-9456
     Email: james.kempf@sun.com    jayhawk@att.com

     Pete St. Pierre
     Sun Microsystems
     901 San Antonio Avenue
     Palo Alto, CA 94303
     USA

     Phone: +1 415 786-5790
     Email: Pete.StPierre@Eng.Sun.COM




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